Author: Scott Ogata

Episode 539 – Our Time is Limited But Our Wisdom-life is Forever

>> “In this world, the realm of physical existence, mountains, rivers, land and oceans, will not exist permanently. The lifespan of the human body is short. External phenomena are transient, with the appearance of arising and ceasing.”

>> There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within. Its halls and lofts were decaying and old; its walls and partitions were crumbling. The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.

>> The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns are dangerously aslant: The amount of time we are alive is limited. Our body will disintegrate someday. The pillars rotting at their bases is an analogy for a body that is ill, feeble and close to its end.

>> “All at once, throughout this area, a fire broke out, setting the house ablaze.”

>> All at once, throughout this area: Throughout this area is an analogy for the extent to which we are influence by the Five Aggregates. All at once is an analogy for how our thoughts simultaneously arise. Thoughts arise in response to the sense organs coming into contact with the sense objects. As the previous thought ceases, the next thought arises. What had arisen has now ceased; none of the thoughts abide. All this is impermanent. Thus all thoughts cease and are impermanent.

“In this world, the realm of physical existence,
mountains, rivers, land and oceans, will not exist permanently.
The lifespan of the human body is short.
External phenomena are transient, with the appearance of arising and ceasing.”

The Three Realms are like a great house. This world, the realm of physical existence, is impermanent because [the objects within it] are temporary unions of the four elements. Of course, temporary unions will one day dissolve. The workings of the four elements also apply to the human body. Our body is a temporary union of elements, so it will undergo changes and arise and cease. Everything, including our physical body and all objects in the realm of physical existence, is impermanent. Not even the mountains, rivers, land or sea will stay the same forever.

Recalling the earthquake in Pakistan, it was measured at 7.8 in magnitude. In the blink of an eye, many houses collapsed, disappeared or were destroyed. At the same time, out on the ocean a small island suddenly surfaced. This island seemed to appear out of nowhere. This is “formation.” After it was formed, this small island “existed” on the ocean. We can see the results of “formation.” As for “existence,” although we have not been to Pakistan, we know that the local people live in houses made from earthen materials for protection against the elements, for shelter from wind and rain. They “exist” in these dwellings, but an earthquake instantly destroyed everything. We have seen these images in the media. This verifies the truth of the Buddha-Dharma. It is just that human lives are too short [to see this whole process]. When was this planet “formed”? We do not know, nevertheless, we were born here on this earth. Perhaps the people who are our dear friends now were people that we knew in a past life. Yet even if they were the people closest to us, our parents, our loved ones, all those whom we knew already passed away, one by one. Life in this world is painfully short. We cannot see

the long process that the Buddha spoke of, that of formation, existence, decay and disappearance because our time here is not long, yet we live in an age when we happened to see an example of “formation.” That small island suddenly surfaced. We were able to witness this. Because of modern science and technology, we did not need to be there in person. An image could be transmitted to us in just a few seconds so we could see this right away. This verifies the principles the Buddha taught about the workings of the world, the Three Principles and Four States. The four states of physical matter are formation, existence, decay and disappearance. This happens in the realm of physical existence. Everything we see is a part of the realm of physical existence and undergoes formation, existence, decay and disappearance.

In the past, several typhoons, in various countries and various places, have led to heavy rain and to landslides. Roads and bridges were cut off. This kind of weather is not normal. Too much rain and strong winds can be very harmful to the land, not to mention to the people. For their own profit, humans dig into mountains and fill up the sea. Thus these “will not exist permanently.” Manpower is used to shift things around, which results in decay and ruin in nature. “Mountains, rivers, land and oceans will not exist permanently.” Then what of the lives of human beings? The lifespan of the human body, our physical life, is truly very short. We can see all this in the world; the principles of matter and of life reflect impermanence and change. So, this tangible realm of physical existence will undergo endless changes. Over longer periods of time, the changes will be even greater. The arising, abiding, changing and ceasing that happens in our minds occurs more rapidly. All of these changing [thoughts] that arise can lead us to create much negative karma.

Why do we [see the destructive results] of this process of the Four States so frequently in our time? In the past, there was not as much of what we now see happening in the world every day, these [disasters of] earth, water, fire and air. There are earthquakes, floods, wildfires and windstorms. On this planet, all around the world, we constantly see these events occurring. This is happening now because of sentient beings’ collective karma. The harm caused by humankind, our destruction of nature, comes entirely from our minds. The karma we create is so powerful that it destroys everything. We have accumulated this karma over lifetimes, all the way up until now. In the past, morality and ethics kept people’s behavior in line. People were once easily embarrassed. They did not want people to know about the bad things they had done. Afraid that others might find out, they did not dare do those things. But nowadays, people are not afraid of others knowing, so they dare to do as they please.

There was a middle-aged woman who sent her mother-in-law to the emergency room in an ambulance. She said, “I’m putting her in your hands. I need to rush home. My child is at home, and I need to go make dinner, so I don’t have time to stay here right now. Please take care of my mother-in-law for me.” Just as her mother-in-law was about to be resuscitated, she went home.

In fact, her mother-in-law had stopped breathing back at their house. As her neighborhood head told it, “I heard the two of them arguing. They were yelling very loudly. Then the mother-in-law went to the living room. I don’t know what happened, but she fainted and stopped breathing. The neighbors told the daughter-in-law, ‘There’s nothing else you can do You have to take her to the emergency room.'” But after taking her to the hospital, she left her and went home.

Emergency treatment failed, so the hospital needed to speak to the family, but they never showed up. Checking her records, they saw she also had a child living in the north. They immediately contacted him. He also said, “I don’t have time to deal with this right now.” They were unable to save the old woman, and she passed away in the hospital. Then the volunteers had to go in search of anyone related to her.

This is a modern-day phenomenon. In today’s world, people’s sense of morality is weakening. And so, in this world, between heaven and earth, in this great house of so many people, there are groups of 100, 200, even 500 people. Three out of the five groups are the animal, hell and hungry ghost realms. These are the Three Evil Realms. The two wholesome realms, the heaven and human, are only two of the five. And in the future, how many people will be creating karma that will lead them to evil realms?

Because of this, in this great house the halls and lofts are decaying and old. The house is run down because these people do not know to cherish it. They have no sense of responsibility. They do not feel responsible for it. They do not care for it, or cherish one another. So, its halls and lofts are crumbling, and its walls are falling down. The walls are falling apart.

There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within. Its halls and lofts were decaying and old; its walls and partitions were crumbling. The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.

Next we will discuss the pillars. “The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.” Rotting pillars and precarious beams and columns represent how our lifetime is limited. In this realm of physical existence, not only will our life come to an end, our entire planet will as well. Right now, scientists are investigating this. People have brought up the idea that

by the year 2100, the sea levels will rise, as will the average temperature. Some people say, “Something so far in the future has nothing to do with me.” How can it have nothing to do with you? In your next life, you will, once again, live for several decades. After that, you will still be reborn on Earth. By that time, the atmosphere will be worse, the temperature will be higher and the four elements will be even more out of balance. There will be rapid and radical fluctuations, causing much destruction.

Thus, in this realm of physical existence, even the mountains and rivers have their own lifespan, to say nothing of all sentient beings in this world; it is not just humans, all living beings have a limited lifespan. Their lives will one day come to an end. Who knows if their life will be long or short? I always say that no one knows the length of their life, but we can grasp every moment to broaden and expand the scope of our lives and open our hearts to encompass the world. This is what we must learn.

We must follow the Bodhisattva-path and develop the Buddha’s ocean of enlightened wisdom. We must open up our hearts so [we see that] our lives connect to all aspects of this world. We cannot narrow our focus to only our own country, our one city or our tiny little village. We cannot just focus on ourselves and our family or our family duties. If we decide that this is the scope of our lives and nothing else has anything to do with us, aren’t we living a really limited life? Therefore, we should expand the boundaries of our lives. We must live a life of excellent character, of value and of depth. We cannot know how long our life will last, but we can expand it to give it more value and deepen it to make it more meaningful.

This is why the Buddha wanted our roots of faith to be deep and extensive. In the past, this was what was taught with the parables in the sutra. The Buddha hoped that everyone would deepen their faith. If we are able to do this, we can expand what we can do with our limited time. We cannot allow time to limit us. In a mere second, we can exert great power. So, we must seize the time we have. Ordinary people always feel limited by time. But even with the time that they do have, they may not know how to make good use of it. “[Our body] will disintegrate someday.” We are just like a house. If a house is boarded up, without anyone living there or caring for it, it will disintegrate much more quickly. Its life will be shortened.

Thus, we must constantly make use of our lives in order to extend them, just as we must make use of and care for our material possessions, so that they will last longer. The principles of all material objects are the same, as are the workings of our own lives. So, “The pillars were rotting at their bases” is an analogy for our physical body when it is old and feeble and close to its end.

The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns are dangerously aslant: The amount of time we are alive is limited. Our body will disintegrate someday. The pillars rotting at their bases is an analogy for a body that is ill, feeble and close to its end.

Actually, just as there is a limit to our lifespan, everything in this world is subject to a limited lifespan. But if we know how to make use of our life, our spirit and wisdom-life can benefit the world for a long time.

The next sutra passage states,

“All at once, throughout this area, a fire broke out, setting the house ablaze.”

“All at once, throughout this area…. Throughout this area” refers to what is within a certain extent. “All at once” refers to a period of time. “Throughout this area” is also an analogy for the pervasiveness of the Five Aggregates. We humans also have a certain extent. The extent of our body is all tied to the Five Aggregates.

The “aggregates” are infinitesimal changes. In each of us, all kinds of thoughts arise at once under the influence of the Five Aggregates. Within us, within each of our bodies, all kinds of thoughts arise at once. I am speaking and you are listening, but do you truly hear my words, or is your mind thinking about something else? If you have scattered thoughts as your ears hear the teachings, your discursive thoughts and the Dharma you hear are in your mind at the same time. This is because, for all of us, our body is a world unto itself. Each body is a microcosm. Each microcosm has its own aggregates, constantly experiencing its own cycle of changes.

Heaven and earth have their own aggregates and cycle of changes. The sky has already begun to lighten. Not long ago it was still dark. It is also undergoing changes although we are not aware of them. As things in our immediate surroundings change continuously, the microcosm of our body is also unceasingly experiencing changes. Not only are our thoughts constantly changing, even our bodies are undergoing metabolism. With this constant arising and ceasing, our bodies are always under the influence of the Five Aggregates. All this happens at the same time. “All at once” means at the same time. The pervasiveness of the Five Aggregates means that it is only through the aggregates that we experience this realm of physical existence, whether we are consciously aware of it or not. So, we always say that the seconds pass without pause. This is also true of thoughts arising in our minds. In the time of one thought, how many thoughts actually arise? We are unfocused, thus we are unenlightened beings.

All at once, throughout this area: Throughout this area is an analogy for the extent to which we are influence by the Five Aggregates. All at once is an analogy for how our thoughts simultaneously arise. Thoughts arise in response to the sense organs coming into contact with the sense objects. As the previous thought ceases, the next thought arises. What had arisen has now ceased; none of the thoughts abide. All this is impermanent. Thus all thoughts cease and are impermanent.

“Thoughts arise in response to the sense organs coming into contact with the sense objects.” Everything we see is a sense object. Tangible, material things in this physical realm all have appearances; what responds to them is our minds. When we see something, it is our eyes that are connecting to that thing. Then our mind is immediately filled with its appearance. “As the previous thought ceases, the next arises.” If my eyes look here and see a flower, then look over there and see grass, my first thought is of flowers and my next about grass. Next I see people. These sequential thoughts are all arising at this time. “As the previous thought ceases, the next arises.” This happens very quickly. “What had arisen, has now ceased, none of the thoughts abide.” As some thoughts arise, others immediately cease. This is how thoughts do not abide. Thus, “All this is impermanent.” So we say, “All thoughts cease and are impermanent.”

Each arises, abides, changes and ceases. This is the principle of mind. The principle of matter is the process of formation, existence, decay and disappearance. For our body, the principle of birth, aging, illness, death is all part of the workings of Five Aggregates. Thus, “throughout this area, all at once” includes everything on earth. It applies to all things and human life. It even encompasses our minds. This is “throughout this area, all at once.”

We must do our best to seize the time right now, so we can make good use of our lifetime in this world and our relationships. We must develop a healthy mind before we are able to bring peace to our surroundings. Therefore, we must always be mindful.

Episode 538 – Ignorance Sets the House on Fire

>> “The Three Realms are like a burning house, and ignorance is the cause. External states are conditions that give rise to love and hate, grasping and rejection. The Three Poisons start a raging fire that burns inside and out. Desire and form cause unease, as if in a burning house.”

>> So “its halls and lofts were decaying and old; its walls and partitions were crumbling.”

>> “The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.”

>> “All workings of the mind and every phenomenon that arises from thinking are all encompassed by the aggregate of action.”

“The Three Realms are like a burning house, and ignorance is the cause.
External states are conditions that give rise to love and hate, grasping and rejection.
The Three Poisons start a raging fire that burns inside and out.
Desire and form cause unease, as if in a burning house.”

This is an analogy. The Buddha came to this world for one great cause. For the sake of the world, He devised teachings suitable for sentient beings’ capabilities. This was very hard work.

Since He was [nearing the end of His lifetime], He felt a sense of urgency. Therefore, 42 years after His enlightenment, He began to freely express His original intent and opened up His mind to reveal the Great Vehicle Dharma. The Buddha did this when He was already in His 70s. During the Lotus Dharma-assembly, many people began to awaken, to reflect upon themselves and form aspirations.

They were like Sariputra, who, though he had always been by the Buddha’s side, because of his stubbornness, could not let go of his bias toward the teachings of emptiness. It was not until the Lotus Dharma-assembly, when the Buddha earnestly praised the wondrous Dharma of the Great Vehicle, that Sariputra finally understood why, in the past, the Buddha had taught with causes and conditions, analogies and expressions. The Buddha had done this out of compassion. In order to guide sentient beings to the Dharma, He had no choice but to use various methods from the Nine Divisions of Teachings, to teach according to people’s capabilities.

Sariputra finally realized this, so he began to form aspirations, make vows and repent his past wrongdoings. Since he was representative of everyone at the Lotus Dharma-assembly who also wanted to form great aspirations, he continued to request the Dharma from the Buddha. The Buddha understood Sariputra’s intent, so He bestowed a prediction of Buddhahood upon him. Bestowing this blessing was a sign of affirmation and verified that Sariputra would attain Buddhahood in the future.

Then everyone at the assembly thought about how Sariputra would be able to attain Buddhahood, and how the Buddha had said everyone was equal. This led everyone to have more faith in themselves. So, they resolved to understand everything from the teachings of the Four Noble Truths that the Buddha gave at the very beginning to the final teachings He was giving now. This was how He had guided them with causes and conditions and other wondrous provisional teachings.

Indeed, life is full of suffering. Suffering is a truth of life. So, as we accept the extremely profound wondrous Dharma, we cannot forget the first truth of suffering. While the Buddha taught the Dharma in the world, if a person resolved to become a monastic, the Buddha always allowed them to do so, regardless of age or family background; they simply needed the will to leave the lay life. Why did people want to become monastics? Because, from the Four Noble Truths, they realized that suffering was a part of life. They recognized suffering, so they were willing to become monastics.

At that time, there was a young bhiksu; he was very young, but upon hearing that life was suffering, he felt, “This is the truth. I am very young right now, but I will become old and eventually die. I might as well become a monastic right away.” He immediately asked the Buddha for permission to become a monastic, to which the Buddha agreed.

Although he became a monastic, his mind was always on his family. He thought about his parents, brothers and all his loved ones. His life as a layperson was one of great wealth. So, every day, during the time he was supposed to beg for alms, he actually went home. He left the abode with the other monastics, but he always went his own way. Every day he went to his house and did not leave there until dusk. This happened every day. Although physically, he looked like a monastic, his mind was still that of a layperson.

Meanwhile, a heavenly being was very concerned for Sakyamuni Buddha. “If His Sangha has people like this who do not abide by the precepts, then as their numbers increase this Sangha will no longer be pure. If the Sangha is not pure, how can it earn the respect of laypeople?” So, this heavenly being took on the appearance of a young man to meet this bhiksu on his way back. He said, “I envy you for being able to become a monastic.”

This bhiksu, who had supposedly left the lay life, was just returning from enjoying life with his loved ones. The objects of his desires were still on his mind, so he was not thinking about how great it was that he had become a monastic. He said to the young man in reply, “What is so good about becoming a monastic? It just enables me to live among the Sangha; what other benefit is there?” The heavenly being disguised as a youth said, “Becoming a monastic is wonderful because you can hear the Buddha give teachings. In this world, people are lost and confused, immersed in their desires and pleasures. Because of the impermanence of the world, we do not know when we will die or be reborn. So, if you are able to become a monastic and can let go of the afflictions of the lay life, if you no longer contrive connections, and can purify your mind and draw near the Buddha-Dharma, you are so blessed!”

This young bhiksu asked, “If you think that I am so blessed, why don’t you want to become a monastic? I do! Because I want to become a monastic, I have travelled a long way to find the Buddha.” The young bhiksu had a shift in his mindset and felt great remorse. “I have already become a monastic. Why is my mind still pulled by my affections and desires?” As he realized this, the young man had disappeared without a trace. The young bhiksu was shocked. “He was probably a Dharma-protector, a heavenly being who appeared in order to protect my connection with the Dharma. Fortunately, I had only delighted in being with my family and had not yet desired to return to the lay life.”

He quickly picked up his pace to rejoin the others as they entered the abode. When he saw the Buddha, he prostrated and asked to repent before Him. One of his companions said, “Venerable Buddha, we knew about this. Although he left the abode with the rest of us, he left us to go home every day. But, we each reap the fruits of our own practice, so we did not mention what he had done. Seeing him repent before the Buddha, we’re happy for him and respect what he has done.”

The Buddha then spoke to everyone, “Indeed, spiritual practitioners must be unified in body and mind. The Buddha-Dharma is not easily heard and life is impermanent. We live only as long as we keep breathing. Becoming a monastic is a rare opportunity, yet he had still had these kinds of thoughts, and his behavior was that of a layperson. I also have been observing him all this time. I believe his roots of goodness are very deep so he is being kept safe by a Dharma-protector. I also rejoice at [this change in] him.” From this story, everyone can understand that once thoughts stir in our minds and worldly desires arise, our wisdom-life will be in great danger. After listening to the teachings of the Buddha, everyone realized this.

Therefore, we say, “The Three Realms are like a burning house, and ignorance is the cause.” Regarding ignorance, we clearly understand that suffering is caused by the accumulation of afflictions, which all arise from ignorance. If ignorance is present in monastics, how can it not be present in laypeople? How can it not be in people who have not yet encountered the Buddha-Dharma? Previously I said that, out of the Five Destinies, two out of the five are paths of goodness, while three of them are evil realms. Therefore, we say as practitioners, our minds must be settled. After we begin practicing, if we still experience love and hate, grasping and rejection, then we are still in this burning house. Not only are the Three Realms a burning house, “The Three Poisons [have] started a raging fire that burns inside and out.”

The Three Poisons are greed, anger and delusion. These poisons originate in our minds. So, once the Three Poisons manifest, they are like a raging fire that burns inside and out. There is a common saying, “The fire of ignorance destroys a forest of merits and virtues.” Ignorance will destroy our wisdom-life. Inside the burning house of the Three Realms, we constantly need to be vigilant. In the Three Realms, desire and form cause unease. Finding peace is hard in the form and desire realms. As I have mentioned in the past, the form realm is the realm of physical existence. As long as our eyes can make contact with it, it is considered a “form. Form” refers to the realm of physical existence.

I have already spoken about this. We will inevitably encounter various material objects in this world. But what kind of mindset should we have when we encounter them? If we are grateful for them and cherish them, these material objects can be tools for our spiritual cultivation. If we have loving hearts, when we see poor and suffering people who need clothing and food, we will find a way to help them.

For example, many years ago, when we were providing relief in Northeast China, it was very cold there. We did not only provide them with food, padded clothing and padded quilts, we also provided them with charcoal and coal. If they lived in that place without any coal, they would not be able to survive the winter. Every family there has a “bed-stove.” In this stove, they burn coal, so each family was given a couple of tons of coal, around two, so they could survive the winter. These are “forms,” material goods. If we can properly utilize these material goods, they will be an essential part of our practice of the Bodhisattva-path.

As for desires or the desire realm, these relate to how we make use of these material things. Are we using our body to save people’s lives and walk the Bodhisattva-path? Or does our body lead us to give rise to greed, anger and delusion, and to grasp things and act on our desires? Our desires are inexhaustible. With wealth, sensual pleasures, fame, food and so on, are we indulging in our desires? If this is the case, we have set the house of the Three Realms on fire.

So, “Desire and form cause unease.” Peace is hard to find in the form realm and desire realm. This is because we are unenlightened people. As unenlightened people living in the form realm, our greed, desires and so on make us uneasy. Everyone’s actions are driven by desires and cravings for form. Think about it, how can the Three Realms not be like a burning house? Ignorance is the cause of this fire. These states in the form and desire realms are the conditions; with love and hate, grasping and rejection, the raging fires of the Three Poisons never end. This is like how, once a fire starts, the wind keeps it going. Then we have no peace, inside or out.

This happens during the era of Dharma-degeneration. The macrocosm of the world is not in harmony, and the microcosms of our bodies are not at peace. This is what the modern world is like. Everyone must promptly make good use of the realm of physical existence and walk the Bodhisattva-path while we have this body. Having an abundance of material objects, we must promptly give to suffering people. Similarly, if a fire is starting to burn, people with water must quickly douse it. When it comes to good and evil, if evil decreases, goodness will increase. That will lead to a brighter society.

As the previous sutra passage states, “There were many groups of people.” There were many people inside that big house; this is an analogy for the Five Destinies. Good and evil are intermixed in the Five Destinies. No one inside this house knew that they needed to cherish it,

So “its halls and lofts were decaying and old; its walls and partitions were crumbling.”

If this is the case, if in the entire house, no one cherishes or takes care of it, the house will gradually rot away.

Next, it states,

“The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.”

Not only were the walls crumbling, but the beams and pillars were also rotting.

This house could only remain standing if its pillars were firm and solid. This is just like our lives; we are still alive because we still have our physical [health]. Our body is still here. This analogy is for the aggregate of action. With the aggregate of action, our body constantly changes.

So, birth, aging and illness gradually take us closer to the moment that we become old and frail. All this is due to the aggregate of action, those infinitesimal changes. We continue to get older every single day. This is why we say we must act immediately.

“All workings of the mind and every phenomenon that arises from thinking are all encompassed by the aggregate of action.”

We should know that good and evil come from “the workings of the mind,” from the thoughts it gives rise to. “The workings of the mind” refer to every single thought that arises. When we think about the external states we come in contact with, those appearances are taken in by our minds.

A volunteer from Mainland China came [to share]. She said that in the past, she had visited consignment stores every day. If the clothes she saw were pretty, she would immediately buy them. This happened until she encountered Tzu Chi. Then she began to think, “No, I should not buy it. I can’t buy it, I need to cherish my blessings.” When she went home, she would be unable to fall asleep because she kept thinking about the beautiful outfit she had seen. So, unable to control herself, she would go back and buy it the next day. Even if it cost her several thousand RMB, she would still buy it. When she came to the Abode this time, she said, “I truly feel remorseful.” When she told me this story, she was so remorseful that she was in tears.

This is due to “the workings of the mind.” What our mind perceives can give rise to desires that entice us to act. If, after we perceive something, we can reflect on ourselves, we can quickly control our desires. So, “the workings of the mind” may [lead us] to do unwholesome things in order to satisfy our desires. What is even worse is that we can end up doing things that hurt others and even commit reprehensible acts. This is also due to “the workings of the mind.” All things are created by the mind.

In terms of the aggregate of action, in our daily living, time is constantly passing by, and our bodies are continually changing as new cells replace the old. In the world, our conditions may tempt us to give in to our desires. If we cannot control ourselves, we will follow our desires and commit wrongdoings. If we can take the Buddha-Dharma to heart, we will follow the path of the Buddha-Dharma, which is the Bodhisattva-path.

So, “the workings of the mind” are truly subtle and wondrous. Despite being intangible and formless, they exert great power. Every phenomenon that arises from thinking is part of “the workings of the mind. Every phenomenon that arises from thinking is encompassed by the aggregate of action.” They are all in the aggregate of action. “The Five Aggregates are all empty in nature.” When we take a look, do they really exist? Have we thoroughly understood form, feeling, perception, action and consciousness? These are the Five Aggregates. As for the principle of emptiness, only if we thoroughly understand the principle of true emptiness can wondrous existence manifest before us. So, the things that I just explained are phenomena that appear in our world, whether in the macrocosm or microcosm. The Buddha-Dharma takes these phenomena and explains them to us through principles. So, everyone we must always be mindful.

Episode 537 – The Boundless Dharma of the Mind

>> “Speaking of His virtue of blessings, they are boundless. By exercising compassion and wisdom, one attains infinite blessings. Speaking of His wisdom, it is unsurpassed in its power. This is like the sun at high noon and the full moon.”

>> There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within. Its halls and lofts were decaying and old; its walls and partitions were crumbling. The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.

>> Its halls and lofts are decaying and old: These are like the desire realm and the form realm. Earth, water, fire and air are the four elements. Sight, smell, taste and touch are the four minute forms. The human body exists because of the temporary union of the four elements. The four elements also arise from the four minute forms. These are known overall as the Eight Dharmas.

>> Because the karmic forces are great, they can mix and interfere with each other as the four elements come together to create our physical existence. The time for which this continues is the lifespan of our physical existence, which arises and ceases as karmic forces change and obstruct each other. As these continuous appearances come to an end, there will be the appearances of aging and illness.

>> The meaning of its halls and lofts are decaying and old is also just like this. Externally, walls protect the house. Internally, there are partitions.

>> Walls and partitions both signify boundaries. They are like the skandha of perception. Perception is an appearance in the mind that arises when the mind connects to its surroundings. The mind is like the void of the universe, which fundamentally has no boundaries.

“Speaking of His virtue of blessings, they are boundless.
By exercising compassion and wisdom, one attains infinite blessings.
Speaking of His wisdom, it is unsurpassed in its power.
This is like the sun at high noon and the full moon.”

Once we have accepted the Buddha’s teachings, we must unceasingly transform general knowledge in this world into the wisdom of the Buddha-Dharma.

Worldly knowledge gives us abilities. The Buddha-Dharma gives us pure potential; it is wisdom. Using the pure potential of this wisdom, we can benefit both ourselves and others. When it comes to us, we can purify our own minds and grow in wisdom. When it comes to others, we can exercise our compassion to go among people and give our help. That is considered wisdom. In the Buddha, this wisdom was manifested as having enlightened Himself, enlightening others and having perfect enlightened conduct. So, “By exercising compassion and wisdom, one attains infinite blessings.”

Speaking of His wisdom, it is unsurpassed in its power; there is no power higher than this wisdom. The Buddha’s enlightenment, Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi, is supreme, universal and perfect enlightenment. There is nothing greater than the wisdom that the Buddha realized. So, it is “unsurpassed in its power.” When the power of this wisdom is exercised, it creates boundless “virtue of blessings.”

“This is like the sun at high noon and the full moon.” The “sun” is a metaphor for wisdom. The “moon” is a metaphor for compassion. We cultivate the virtue of blessings through giving to others, through immeasurable and limitless giving. As it is limitless, [our blessings] are boundless. When we unite our wisdom and our blessings, this is like the sun hanging in the vast sky or the moon in the darkness. The moon illuminates the earth, bringing comfort. They are both radiant lights, the lights that illuminate the world. So, we must put our hearts into giving.

Just now (2013), I saw some news from our South Africa office. Right now in South Africa, they are once again holding trainings.

The disparity of wealth there is enormous, and the majority of the poor suffer terribly. Poverty is not the only problem they face; in Africa, there are frequently wars and unrest. People engage in so much conflict with each other. Public safety is also lacking. Therefore, those who live in Africa face many manmade calamities, so they are unable to find jobs anywhere. Without an income to maintain their living, their lives gradually become worse. It is hard to find the spirit to keep striving or the perseverance to work willingly. As they lack opportunities, many of them are poor and may also be ill.

Over the several years that we have been in South Africa, we have continuously cultivated seeds of goodness so they sprout and grow. One by one, they have grown into tall trees. We have nurtured many local Bodhisattva[-volunteers]; there are thousands of them. One after another, they have come to Taiwan to be certified as Commissioners. Some were unable to come here for certification, but should have already fulfilled the requirements. This time, there were volunteers from Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Lesotho.

They all gathered in Johannesburg. They came from these faraway places, despite the tiring journey, for only one goal, to come together to engage in spiritual practice. In fact, the regional office in Johannesburg is quite small. They had to set up tents to try to accommodate everyone. They lacked everything from showers to bathrooms. They collected water in large oil barrels, then, pail by pail, they transported the water from faraway places. They also rented portable toilets. By overcoming all these obstacles, they were able to hold this spiritual retreat.

As they diligently engaged in walking meditation, they circumambulate the Buddha with orderly steps. Volunteers from four different countries came together to diligently practice. They are very similar in appearance, but they speak different languages. So, they had to come up with many methods. Since these volunteers had traveled from so far, they needed to be able to return with the Dharma. They tried everything they could to find people who could translate for one another. This was not an easy task.

In observing their facial expressions and the way they recited the words in a uniform rhythm, it was clear they understood [the lessons]. When the time came to sit and calm their minds, they watched the program, “Life Wisdom.” Seeing them inside the tents, sitting properly and listening to the Dharma, I was very moved. Then, they had classes where speakers presented the Jing Si Dharma-lineage, following the curriculum [that we use here]. They discussed the Tzu Chi School of Buddhism, sharing about different ways. Bodhisattvas devote themselves to helping people.

The South African Bodhisattvas began by sharing stories of the suffering they had experienced, the physical and mental torment, and how, after accepting the Buddha-Dharma, they had opened up their hearts. They were able to apply their wisdom and strength to go to places of illness and suffering, to care for the poor and the old and weak. After taking care of these people, they themselves were filled with Dharma-joy. This joy comes from working among people.

Then, volunteers from Zimbabwe shared their gratitude towards Tzu Chi for having come from Taiwan, bringing teachings of love to Zimbabwe. A volunteer from Mozambique also shared her story of how she had received help from Tzu Chi. She was grateful for the Tzu Chi volunteers who traveled from South Africa to Mozambique. As she spoke of her hardships and experiences, she became quite emotional and was unable to control her feelings. As I watched this on the screen, I saw that many people from different countries, who nevertheless have the same [love] immediately gathered around to gently comfort her.

I saw images of how diligent they were; their pillows were all lined up neatly in a straight line. The way they folded their blankets was so tidy; it was neater than that of a trained army. This seems almost impossible to imagine, so we can only say, “Inconceivable!” When these “inconceivable” matters are connected with the Buddha-Dharma, we are seeing Bodhisattvas in action, those who cultivate both blessings and wisdom. The people there spoke different languages but were able to take these teachings to heart because [our volunteers] shared the True Dharma in skillful ways. They brought out their wisdom from deep within and benefited others out of utmost reverence. This is how their pure and undefiled great love combined with skillful wisdom, thus yielding both blessings and wisdom.

These people were from different countries and speaking different languages. Though they live in very impoverished countries, they were able to carry out these activities. Don’t they demonstrate boundless “virtue of blessings”? Isn’t their wisdom infinite? “By exercising compassion and wisdom, one attains infinite blessings.” If they were not able to do this, how would they be able to exercise that unparalleled power? I really cannot imagine how, in such a short period of time, they managed to train such orderly volunteers, especially as they were coming from such great poverty and suffering.

In summary, the Dharma knows no borders. It can truly spread throughout the world. And when it is put into practice, the blessings will truly be infinite. This wisdom is indeed inconceivable. It is like the sun at high noon and the full moon. Everyone intrinsically has Buddha-nature, which is the pure intrinsic nature of True Suchness. Thus, people can come together to cultivate both blessings and wisdom.

The sutra passage that we discussed previously mentions that in this big house, there were a great many people. Those in the hell, hungry ghost and animal realms outnumber those in the human and heaven realms. So, many Bodhisattvas must enter the Three Evil Destinies to save these suffering people. Therefore, this great house is a Bodhisattva training ground, where Bodhisattvas learn how to go among the suffering.

In this great house, the elder is already old and frail. He is slowly reaching the end of his life. Thus we have the analogy, “Its halls and lofts were decaying and old.”

There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within. Its halls and lofts were decaying and old; its walls and partitions were crumbling. The pillars were rotting at their bases; the beams and columns were dangerously aslant.

In the desire realm, there are already many people. Those who do evil things and have lost their way are also very numerous. The era of Right Dharma has passed. The era of Dharma-semblance has also passed. Now we are in the era of Dharma-degeneration. So, we say this big house is “decaying and old.” Gradually, the pillars have begun to be slowly eaten away. Gradually, the strength of the pillars and walls is deteriorating; it is reaching the point of being worn out.

This is an analogy for the desire and form realms. In the desire and form realms, earth, water, fire and air are the four elements.

Its halls and lofts are decaying and old: These are like the desire realm and the form realm. Earth, water, fire and air are the four elements. Sight, smell, taste and touch are the four minute forms. The human body exists because of the temporary union of the four elements. The four elements also arise from the four minute forms. These are known overall as the Eight Dharmas.

As we said yesterday, the desire realm is where all the desires of sentient beings are gathered together. The form realm is earth, water, fire and air, the world of physical existence, and in both the macrocosm and in the microcosm, earth, water, fire and air are already falling out of balance on large and small scales. This is because in the desire realm, sentient beings are continuously accumulating afflictions and ignorance. Gradually, this house begins to burn. Earth, water, fire and air are the four elements. Sight, smell, taste and touch are the four minutest forms. Not only do earth, water, fire and air exist in the macrocosm surrounding us, our human body is also a temporary union of these four elements. Water is essential to humans. We also cannot lack a warm body temperature. Breathing air is definitely essential. As for the human body of bones, muscles and skin, this belongs to the element of earth. Thus, the human body is a temporary union of the four elements.

The four minute forms also exist in the body. The four minute forms, combined with the four elements, comprise the Eight Dharmas. These eight things all come together. In fact, the four minute forms are our afflictions. The Five Aggregates are form, feeling, perception, action and consciousness. The aggregates arise when our consciousness connects with external conditions, which leads us to think and then take action. Then the karmic retributions will be stored as seeds. This begins with the functions of the Five Roots, which are processed by the sixth consciousness, contemplated by the seventh consciousness and stored in the eighth consciousness.

In this way, without our conscious awareness, these four minute forms come together [in us]. These four are invisible to us, but without our conscious awareness, due to our habitual tendencies, we react to external conditions and give rise to thoughts that create afflictions. This is how our body and mind work. Body and mind are the convergence of these Eight Dharmas. So, when these Eight Dharmas come together, we will create karma. When this physical body, the external conditions and the internal thoughts that arise all come together, the “karmic forces are great.”

Because the karmic forces are great, they can mix and interfere with each other as the four elements come together to create our physical existence. The time for which this continues is the lifespan of our physical existence, which arises and ceases as karmic forces change and obstruct each other. As these continuous appearances come to an end, there will be the appearances of aging and illness.

Karmic forces mix and interfere with each other. To mix means to stir together. For example, good and evil [karma] are intermixed. The temporary union of the elements in our bodies constantly shifts with the passage of time, so we go through birth, aging, illness and death.

Therefore, “The time for which this continues is the lifespan of our physical existence.” The lifespan of the microcosm of our body arises and ceases because [karmic forces] “change and obstruct each other.” The Five Aggregates of the body, form, feeling, perception, action and consciousness are constantly going through infinitesimal changes. Things are constantly changing and conflicting with and obstructing each other. This is happening in our bodies, which results in aging, illness and death.

Therefore, in the end, everything will cease. “As these continuous appearances” approach the end of their time, the appearance of old age and illness will be clearly evident. This is just like how the elder of this family, as the years accumulated, gradually became frail. Isn’t that how it is for us humans? Both the macrocosm and microcosm are like this. So, “Its halls and lofts are decaying and old” means that things are undergoing this cycle. Sentient beings in the desire and form realms and all things in the realm of physical existence go through the same cycle. So, they are “also just like this.”

The meaning of its halls and lofts are decaying and old is also just like this. Externally, walls protect the house. Internally, there are partitions.

What surrounds the house on the outside are called walls. What surrounds the rooms inside the house are called partitions. Walls and partitions both mark off areas. They create boundaries. Outside our walls is someone else’s space. Inside our walls is our space. This is like the boundaries of countries in the world.

Walls and partitions both create boundaries. They are an analogy for our thinking. This is the “skandha of perception.”

Walls and partitions both signify boundaries. They are like the skandha of perception. Perception is an appearance in the mind that arises when the mind connects to its surroundings. The mind is like the void of the universe, which fundamentally has no boundaries.

“Skandhas” are the same as aggregates; they have the function of aggregating. Living in this world, we all live within certain boundaries, but we can all freely engage in thinking, as outside appearances converge with our minds to give rise to “perception.” This leads us to take action.

“Perception is an appearance in the mind that arises when the mind connects to surroundings.” Our mind connects with our external surroundings. “The mind is like the void of the universe.” Indeed, our perception is empty in nature. What we see outside is appearance, “which fundamentally has no boundaries.” Neither external nor internal boundaries can obstruct our perceptions and our way of thinking. This is what we must practice every day, to take the appearances in our minds, our perceptions, and broaden them to include all worldly matters. This is wisdom. So everyone, please always be mindful.

Episode 536 – The Hall and Lofts of Heaven and Earth

>> “The vast universe is like a great house. Perfect in the three elements of enlightenment and the two kinds of virtues, the elder is mature in virtue but is old and frail. The four elements, earth, fire, water and air, are the walls. The world relies on them for support. In the worlds of our bodies and minds, our thinking creates the conditions.”

>> “There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within.”

>> “Its halls and lofts are decaying and old; its walls and partitions are crumbling. The pillars are rotting at their bases; the beams and columns are dangerously aslant.”

>> Hall: where smoke from the fires of ignorance gathers. This is an analogy using a house on fire. In terms of circumstantial retribution, it is an analogy for the body-root, the root that all other roots rely on.

>> Lofts: The form realm. The four elements, earth, water, fire and air, are what the world relies on for support.

“The vast universe is like a great house.
Perfect in the three elements of enlightenment and the two kinds of virtues,
the elder is mature in virtue but is old and frail.
The four elements, earth, fire, water and air, are the walls.
The world relies on them for support.
In the worlds of our bodies and minds, our thinking creates the conditions.”

Do you understand? The universe, the vast expanse of this world, is like a great house, and there is a head of this great household. Lately we have constantly been using causes and conditions as well as analogies to help everyone understand the world we live in, the principles of the One Vehicle and the workings of our minds.

Why do we learn the Buddha’s teachings? The Buddha is an enlightened being. What did He awaken to? He awakened to the principles of all things in the universe. There is nothing He does not know. There is nothing He has not realized. To attain enlightenment, He must not only have one element of enlightenment, but all three. So, He enlightens Himself, others and has perfect enlightened conduct. Thus, He fully became a Great Enlightened One. But in the process of doing so, He also needed to become replete with the two kinds of virtues. These two virtues are compassion and wisdom. With compassion, we will go among people. With wisdom, we will use the right methods.

In this world, there are many methods we must use. With sentient beings’ different capabilities, hardships and so on, we must make use of the right opportunities and methods so we can give to others out of the most genuine love and compassion. So, giving also requires us to seize opportunities. We must also understand that when it comes to this world and the people around us, what is currently needed that we ought to give to. All this depends on causes and conditions. So, “the three elements of enlightenment and the two kinds of virtues” are perfected through the convergence of causes and conditions. This was the process the Buddha went through.

This most recent sutra passage introduces the parable of a great house and an elder. “The elder is mature in virtue.” We must be replete with this kind of character. “Mature” means something has come to fruition. The elder was already quite old, but starting from his childhood and adolescence, he continuously accumulated virtues. So, he is “mature in virtue.” But this elder, in the natural course of life, has also become old and frail. When we age, our physical appearance starts to decline.

This is like how, “The four elements, earth, fire, water and air, are the walls.” This is an analogy for the world, which is composed of the four elements. The four elements are represented by the walls. Walls are an analogy for how the world needs earth, fire, water and air. All people, animals and plants can exist here because there is earth and water. In addition to earth and water, we also need the sun and air. Therefore, earth, fire, water and air are like the great walls that provide support; they must be in harmony for this world to exist,

and our lives are dependent on this world. Earlier we talked about the macrocosm of the world. But take humans for example; our world is a microcosm. This microcosm is the world of our body and mind, where “our thinking creates the conditions.” This is not just true for humans; in the bodies and minds of all animals, “thinking creates the conditions.” How do we change the landscape of this world? Through what humans create!

Consider the Abode. Based on our needs, in the beginning we only had the small prayer hall in the front and a kitchen. At that time, once we had a need, we started to build, little by little. As time has passed and causes and conditions have converged, the Abode has grown to accommodate so many bodies and meet the spiritual needs of so many hearts and minds. Therefore, it has gradually expanded according to the needs of bodies and minds.

In this physical world, because of the volunteers’ need for a spiritual home, we have expanded this spiritual place for them. This requires the convergence of “form” and “mind.” Chinese characters are [cleverly] constructed. “Form” at the top and “mind” at the bottom combine to create the character for “thinking.” Thus mind and form create conditions; our minds have created the conditions around us.

So, we can use the needs of our microcosm and how it interacts with our environment as an analogy. In fact, this analogy is boundless. It can be extended to cover the whole world. The whole world is the same. Everything we create depends on the four elements of earth, water, fire and air. So, the entire world relies on their [balance and harmony]. But on a small scale, the microcosm [of our body] is also inseparable from these four elements. Our bodies and minds, which are small worlds unto themselves, also rely on the [balance and harmony] of earth, water, fire and air. The four elements form the “house” of our body. Earth, water, fire and air also form the “walls” of the world. This is an analogy that we can draw. In fact, everything that is tangible and has form has its origins in unconditioned Dharma, the True Dharma of the Great Vehicle.

So, the previous sutra passage also states that, within this great house,

“There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within.”

As we mentioned yesterday, “100” refers to heavenly beings “200” refers to humans. This goes up to “500.” These represent the Five Destinies, heaven, human, animal, hungry ghost and hell. These are called the Five Destinies. Out of the Five Destinies, two-fifths of them are good paths three-fifths are evil paths.

Presently, as we look at the entire world, we can witness all of the Five Destinies. We see suffering like that in the hell, hungry ghost and animal realms, not to mention the actual animals that we can see. For the sake of their palate, people raise animals to satisfy their cravings. These animals are slaughtered by humans. This is the experience of animals that we can see. Moreover, mentally, people who are like hungry ghosts and animals are insatiably greedy. They always want more and are never satisfied. So, their lives are very difficult. Their minds are constantly covered by more afflictions, so their suffering is unbearable; they find this world hard to bear. There are many people who face such tremendous suffering in the world.

In summary, the Buddha taught that life is suffering. There are many principles about suffering. If we humans truly want to awaken, we must first witness suffering so we can realize how blessed we are. All the suffering in life can awaken the love in us so that we create more blessings. Thus we cherish our blessings and create more. Only after we witness suffering will we know to create blessings.

The world is the best place for spiritual practice. We can only attain Buddhahood in this world. Bodhisattvas arise because of suffering sentient beings. By walking the Bodhisattva-path, they awaken to all worldly matters and then naturally attain enlightenment. This is our path as Buddhist practitioners

in this world. There are so many people in this great house. Then the analogy continues with,

“Its halls and lofts are decaying and old; its walls and partitions are crumbling. The pillars are rotting at their bases; the beams and columns are dangerously aslant.”

We need to understand that the “halls and lofts are decaying and old.” The elder himself is already old and frail. Previously we explained that the Dharma flourished in the Buddha’s lifetime. After He entered Parinirvana, there were still true spiritual practitioners. Thus Right Dharma abided in the world. With the Dharma and spiritual practice came the fruits of realizations. This was called the era of Right Dharma. After that came the era of Dharma-semblance. There were many monasteries and temples, in addition to many images of the Buddha and many sutras. Everyone started to translate Buddhist scriptures, so there were plenty of sutras. This was during the era following Right Dharma, the era of Dharma-semblance. [Since the Buddha’s lifetime,] around 2500 or 2600 years have passed. The era of Dharma-degeneration has manifested. We see people practicing without attaining realizations, engaging in incomplete practices.

In summary, the Buddha-Dharma in the world today is gradually being forgotten. Furthermore, the Right Dharma is no longer seen in this world. However, the Buddha taught that. ․unconditioned Dharma will forever be in our minds. Because we all intrinsically have Buddha-nature, the three elements of enlightenment will always abide in our minds. We must awaken ourselves and awaken others at the same time. By awakening ourselves and others, we cultivate perfect awakened conduct. These are the three elements of enlightenment. So, even though we live in the era of Dharma-degeneration, True Dharma still abides in everyone’s minds. Therefore, we must work very hard to preserve the Buddha-Dharma in the world and in our hearts so we can put it into practice. Then naturally, the halls and loft will not decay. We hope this broken house can be renovated to be even sturdier. At this time, we must be mindful.

With the words used in the analogy, the “hall” is where “smoke from the fires of ignorance gathers.” There are fires of ignorance, and where there is fire there will be smoke. The fire and smoke constantly permeate everything.

Hall: where smoke from the fires of ignorance gathers. This is an analogy using a house on fire. In terms of circumstantial retribution, it is an analogy for the body-root, the root that all other roots rely on.

We often talk about fires. It is not only fires that can harm people; smoke can also cause great damage to the body. When we see fire and very thick smoke coming from the same place, that is the appearance of a house on fire. This is analogous to how, in this world, the three major and minor calamities are gradually converging to happen in the same place, the way fire and smoke go together. It is as if this world is on fire. We keep seeing this imagery.

So, “in terms of circumstantial retribution….” Let us change our focus to circumstantial retribution. In this world, on this planet, according to their circumstantial retributions, people are born to different places as different ethnicities. Some people live in Africa and speak languages we do not understand. Their skin color is also different from ours. Europeans also have a different skin color. It is their circumstantial retribution to be born on that continent. We rely on this country and this land for our living. This is all due to circumstantial retributions. So, this is our “body-root”

“the root that all other roots rely on.” Let me further explain. We each have our own bodies; our eyes, ears, nose and tongue and so on come together to form our body.

Our circumstantial retributions bring our body-root here. Where is this place? “Hall” is also an analogy for the desire realm, for our circumstantial retribution and way of life in the desire realm, because we have been born into the desire realm. This is also called the “realm of physical existence,”

because on the surface of this world, besides our bodies, we have to rely on many material things to sustain our lives. Without those things, we would not be able to continue living. The term “physical” refers to all material things. These things are encompassed within the desire realm. Things that can be seen, including our bodies and all material goods in the world are part of “the realm of physical existence.” This is the desire realm.

Every day, we rely on our bodies to keep living. Our bodies rely on our eyes to see the world, to see every matter and object. We also rely on our limbs to do our work. To walk and carry out other tasks, this is what we depend on. Moreover, there is our thinking. Our thinking complicates things. What do we really need? Because of this body, we have cravings and desires, whether we crave things or have sexual desires. The origin of disaster begins with the desires of our bodies and gives rise to many calamities. The desires of our bodies and minds have no end, so in the desire realm, we give rise to much ignorance and afflictions. This is the desire realm.

“Loft” is part of a multi-story building. This building is not just one room; it has many stories and many lofts. “Loft” is an analogy for the desire realm.

Lofts: The form realm. The four elements, earth, water, fire and air, are what the world relies on for support.

The form realm is the four elements, earth, water, fire and air. The world around us, the entire realm of physical existence, depends on earth, water, fire and air. Only when the four elements are in balance can material things exist in this physical realm. Even a cup is a physical vessel. Without a cup, we cannot drink water. Without bowls and utensils, we cannot serve or plate our food. A cup, a pair of chopsticks and a spoon can all exist because of the convergence of the four elements. The cup is made out of earth. This basic substance must be mixed with water; that mixture is unbaked earthenware. To finish this product, we must stir up a fire, and for the fire to burn, there must be air. So, only with the balance of the four elements can this vessel come into being.

Everything in this world depends on this. All the forms and material goods we rely on in the realm of physical existence depend on the convergence of the four elements for their existence. Therefore, the Buddha-Dharma encompasses the workings of many things. All this is the Dharma.

Everyone, being Buddhist practitioners is not only [reading sutras]. Reading texts is not the only source of the Dharma. No. In our daily living, every matter and object teaches us the Dharma. Our every action and every thought converges with this vast universe. Everything is within this great house. In this world, in this universe, we need to penetrate the Dharma more deeply and experience the Buddha’s teachings. If we perfect the three elements of enlightenment and are replete with the two kinds of virtues, then we can realize the principles of all things in the world.

We live our lives in the Three Realms, in this great house that we created. The ways in which the world is changing now are determined by our thinking; we shape the world to be this way. Therefore, everyone, as Buddhist practitioners, we must meticulously penetrate [the teachings]. So, we must always be mindful.

Episode 535 – All Live in the Same House with One Door

>> “A spacious mind encompasses the universe. By being understanding, we can penetrate the Dharma. The world inhabited by all sentient beings is only created by their minds. They all live in this house with one door; this is the greatness of the Dharma of the mind.”

>> “In a certain kingdom’s city or a settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands, houses and servants, His house was spacious and large, and had only one door.”

>> So, “There were many groups of people.”

>> “Groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, [were] all dwelling within.”

>> “It is only due to the stirring of sentient beings’ ignorant thoughts that the world of sentient beings and the distinct appearances of sentient beings in the Five Realms are established. This is also revealing the world of sentient beings’ karmic forces. Therefore, it is like a great house, where there were many groups of people.”

>> “True emptiness houses the supreme meaning”

>> “If filled with ignorance and afflictions, it is called the burning house.”

>> in the beings living together in this great house. It means many people live there; there were many groups of people 100 represents heavenly beings 200 represents humans 300 represents animals 400 represents hungry ghosts 500 represents beings in hell

>>Do good deeds, create blessings and cultivate the wholesome karma for being reborn in the heaven and human realms are few in number, whereas “those who commit evil out of ignorance, people who act contrary to ethics and loyalty,” those people who are “inclined to create unwholesome karma and fall into the evil realms are greater in number.”

>> The sentient beings of the Five Realms wander through cyclic existence, transmigrating endlessly. They can never escape the Three Realms, so it is said they are “all dwelling within.”

“A spacious mind encompasses the universe.
By being understanding, we can penetrate the Dharma.
The world inhabited by all sentient beings
is only created by their minds.
They all live in this house with one door;
this is the greatness of the Dharma of the mind.”

If we are mindful, our minds can be spacious enough to encompass the universe. Then “by being understanding, we can penetrate the Dharma.” We always interact with each other and deal with matters and objects. As we go about our business in this world, is there a day we do not interact with people? Is there a day we are not dealing with matters? What kind of mindset should we use to face them so that we can always be understanding of people, matters and things? The best way to train ourselves to do this is to always feel grateful.

If someone makes us unhappy, we must be grateful. When facing someone who makes us unhappy, someone who always has the exact opposite opinion from us, we may continuously wonder, “Why can’t his opinions be like mine? Why is it that when I want to do something, he creates so many obstacles for me? Why did he treat me so well in the past, but now favors someone else?” If we think this way, we are disturbing our minds and thus we hinder our spiritual cultivation. This is the obstruction of afflictions.

We long for others to treat us well and do not like it when others treat us poorly. This comes out of ignorance. As we interact with people in our daily living, first of all, we must be grateful. Only with gratitude can we be accommodating. Only by being accommodating can we be understanding. So, we have to be understanding, both understanding and grateful. Because we want to engage in spiritual practice, we want to avoid hindering our mind with any kind of attitude we encounter. This is true mastery. This comes from truly being understanding. If we cannot successfully deal with people and matters, how can we achieve the state of understanding everything about the Dharma? We must learn to broaden our minds, expanding them very widely. Then our minds can encompass the universe. To do this, we must train our minds to be understanding and grateful as we interact with people and deal with matters. If we can do this, people, matters and objects will present no obstacle to us at all; we will successfully deal with all matters. This means we have taken the Dharma to heart.

All sentient beings live in the same world. Everything is created by their minds. Every one of us lives under the heavens and on top of the earth. Everything under the sky and on the land is in the human world. Humans live in this world. All sentient beings, all animals, as well as plants, all live in this world, on this planet. We live and co-exist together. But in this world, there is a mix of good and evil. Virtuous people have fewer afflictions in their minds. So, naturally they have more wholesome thoughts. Their roots of goodness extend further and their faith runs deeper. These are [virtuous people] in our world. How have they been able to maintain their faith and wholesome thoughts? That is because in their past lifetimes, they lived with virtuous friends and were likewise permeated with virtuous teachings. They hear the Dharma, take it to heart and can put it into practice, developing their wisdom and wisdom-life.

Some people have many bad habits. In their past lifetimes, they made unwholesome connections and friends; keeping bad company led to all this. So, these bad habits became very ingrained. We are born with nothing and take nothing with us. But [the karma] we bring from our past lives makes us unhappy to see certain people or makes us biased towards certain individuals. They either feel love, or hatred, or resentment, all kinds of afflictive emotions. This world is so complicated, and people create more and more karma. As the population grows, there will be more of these habitual tendencies. Thus, the collective karma of sentient beings causes an imbalance of the four elements, resulting in the three major and three minor calamities. These continue to increase in frequency; this is very troubling to us. These calamities are all created by the mind. We engage in spiritual practice to help bring purity to people’s hearts. Having purity in people’s hearts is the only way [to bring peace and harmony].

So, “They live in this house with one door; this is the greatness of the Dharma of the mind.” We are all in the same house. Isn’t living under the same sky and on the same land just like living in the same great house? So, describing this lack of harmony in this world, a latter passage in the Lotus Sutra states, “The Three Realms are like a burning house.” The house of the Three Realms is on fire. How can we escape? There is only one door, which is the Dharma, the subtle and wondrous Dharma 40 years after the Buddha began teaching, He opened the great door, which is the One Vehicle Dharma. This helps every one of us to return to the “greatness of the Dharma of the mind,” to return to our intrinsic Buddha-nature. So, we must be mindful. We must take the Dharma in with deep faith.

This previous sutra passage is probably something you know by heart now.

“In a certain kingdom’s city or a settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands, houses and servants, His house was spacious and large, and had only one door.”

After discussing it for so many days, I hope that everyone can clearly understand this environment we live in every day and the people, matters and objects within it. Living in this big family, we must mindfully experience everything.

So, “There were many groups of people.”

We said yesterday that there were many people. What do we mean by “groups of people”?

“Groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, [were] all dwelling within.”

This is only a form of description or an analogy, because in this world right now, the actual population is over seven billion. How can we only say there are “groups of 100, 200, even up to 500”? This is only an analogy. All these people fall into five categories, hence “groups of 100, 200, [even up to 500].”

“It is only due to the stirring of sentient beings’ ignorant thoughts that the world of sentient beings and the distinct appearances of sentient beings in the Five Realms are established. This is also revealing the world of sentient beings’ karmic forces. Therefore, it is like a great house, where there were many groups of people.”

Yesterday, I roughly explained to everyone that the beings of the Five Destinies co-exist here. We sentient beings act out of ignorance. So, people who cultivate goodness go to the heaven realm. Those who uphold the Five Precepts are born in the human realm. Those who forego the Ten Good Deeds and Five Precepts and then do the opposite will be born in the hell, hungry ghost or animal realm. These are the different appearances of the beings of the Five Destinies. The world created by our karmic forces is thus revealed.

Look at the karma we are currently creating. Isn’t this what we see in the world? The beings of the Five Destinies co-exist here, so there are many unwholesome people. As they interact with others, they cannot steadily engage in spiritual practice. There is a need for everyone to steadily engage in virtuous practices to avoid creating these negative karmic forces. We have to create good karma to protect all sentient beings. We must not collectively create negative karma and disrupt this world.

So, this world is analogous to a great house with many groups of people, This “one great house” has such a complicated mix of good and evil. In our current time, we are collectively in a tug of war between good and evil. At this moment, we really need more kind people, more people who have developed Bodhicitta.

The Buddha made use of His limitless wisdom and the virtues of compassion and wisdom to practice the Six Perfections in all actions as a way of teaching us. He opened the Dharma-doors of the Three Vehicles, the Small Vehicle for those with limited capacities, the Middle Vehicle for average capacities, the Great Vehicle for great capacities. In the end, after over 40 years of teaching, He set aside the Small and Middle Vehicles, throwing open the great door, revealing the Great Vehicle Dharma. In this “one great house,” with such a complicated mix of people, the Buddha mindfully and patiently guides us, all for the sake of helping everyone comprehend the One Vehicle Dharma.

“House” also means that.

“True Emptiness houses the supreme meaning.”

This is the Buddha’s state of mind. The state of the Buddha’s mind encompasses great realizations about the universe. It is a great ocean of enlightened wisdom. The Buddha’s heart and mind are so great [they encompass] all things in the universe. With wisdom and compassion, He exercises many truths of the supreme meaning. This wondrous existence in true emptiness, this great Dharma, is what He wanted to help everyone realize.

“If filled with ignorance and afflictions, it is called the burning house.”

If sentient beings are ignorant, their minds are like burning houses. If we can accept the Buddha’s teachings, the wondrous existence in true emptiness and the true emptiness in wondrous existence, we can be free and at ease and can transform sentient beings in this world. This is how we uphold the mission and follow the path. Then though we are interacting with people, we will not be “contaminated” by them. In this state of true emptiness, by taking good care of our minds, we can awaken ourselves, awaken others and cultivate perfect awakened conduct. As for the two virtues, we must perfect the virtues of wisdom and compassion. This is the wondrous truth of the supreme meaning of true emptiness. This is the One Vehicle Dharma of true emptiness and wondrous existence. When we take this Dharma to heart, our minds will be clear and refreshed. But if ignorance is covering our minds, our minds will be like a burning house, continuously unsettled and pressed by flames. How painful!

So, “one great house” can be used to draw many different analogies; everyone must mindfully comprehend them. It can be an analogy for the Buddha-mind, His wisdom and His blessings. It is also an analogy for ordinary people’s minds, which are full of afflictions. This is because all of us are the same, in that both good and evil are in us.

So, “There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within. Hundred” is a descriptor that symbolizes many, many people. “One” is a small amount. “Hundred” is a hundred-times that. Right now, in the world, so many “hundreds” of beings are co-existing here “100 good deeds create one blessing.” Actually, we need to do more than just 100 good deeds. To truly benefit this world, these deeds cannot be counted in hundreds, but in tens of millions, not just tens of millions, but countless billions. This is our fundamental duty.

So, there are “groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within.” Many people who are a mix of good and evil are living in one place. This means that all of the Five Destinies are seen.

in the beings living together in this great house. It means many people live there; there were many groups of people 100 represents heavenly beings 200 represents humans 300 represents animals 400 represents hungry ghosts 500 represents beings in hell

“100” represents heavenly beings. If we perform the Ten Good Deeds, we will be reborn in heaven; this is signified by 100 “200” represents humans. Those who are born in the human realm are still considered blessed. So, we say, “It is precious to be born human.” It is rare to be born human, so they are only “200 300” is an analogy for animals. Animals are those who did not uphold precepts and acted against their humanity. Thus, they were reborn in the animal realm “400” represents hungry ghosts. Hungry ghosts have insatiable greed; they are constantly hungry. Indeed, in this world, there are many people who have nothing to eat, so there are many in the hungry ghost realm. In addition to the need for tangible food, they have intangible thoughts of greed. All of this make them hungry ghosts. They are never content, never feel they have enough. Then, “500 represents beings of hell.” There are many people who have fallen into hell. There is great suffering in hell.

Consider these numbers from 100 to 500. Heavenly beings are only 100, while those who behave improperly and fall into the animal realm number more. In this world right now, there are many people who are committing the. Five Offences and Ten Evils. Otherwise, why would families be so unhappy? Otherwise, why would there be so many parents facing unbearable suffering? Otherwise, why would brothers sue each other? In this world, many people are unable to get along.

This happens in our world. A world like this is not purely a human realm. In fact, it includes the Three Evil Destinies. The Three Evil Destinies are the animal, hungry ghost and hell realms. Although they live in the human realm, their hearts and minds are in those states, so they do not abide by morals and ethics and commit various evils. The animal, hungry ghost and hell realms are created by our minds. So, inside this great house, this world, there is a mix of good and evil. It really looks like there is so little good and so much more evil. This is why we always say that we must engage in spiritual practice.

The numbers used to make this analogy show that those who.

Do good deeds, create blessings and cultivate the wholesome karma for being reborn in the heaven and human realms are few in number, whereas “those who commit evil out of ignorance, people who act contrary to ethics and loyalty,” those people who are “inclined to create unwholesome karma and fall into the evil realms are greater in number.”

So, here we see light and darkness. Some people are inclined toward the light, but that only accounts for two out of five realms. The other three are inclined towards evil.

Everyone, we really need to be mindful. Evil is akin to darkness. Darkness prevents us from understanding the principles. Thus, we continue to reproduce afflictions, do negative and unwholesome things and are continuously driven [by our ignorance]. We have to be people who truly understand our direction in life; we have to know where we are going. So, the beings of the Five Destinies are wandering about, lost in this cycle of birth and death. This includes heavenly beings and humans. When blessings for being in heaven are depleted, heavenly beings will still fall into human, hell, hungry ghost or animal realms.

The sentient beings of the Five Realms wander through cyclic existence, transmigrating endlessly. They can never escape the Three Realms, so it is said they are “all dwelling within.”

We have heard stories about this in the past. Therefore, it is said, “The sentient beings of the Five Realms wander through cyclic existence.” Our lifetimes do not last very long, but the karma we create causes us to wander through cyclic existence. So, “transmigrating endlessly, they can never escape the Three Realms.” We are still in this great house of the Three Realms, the desire realm, form realm and formless realm.

Therefore, we have to be mindful as we are “all dwelling within.” We sentient beings must use this mindset when we live in this great house. The Buddha comes to this world in the hopes that everyone in this house can abandon evil ways and follow a path of goodness, abandon the darkness to find the bright path, this road illuminated as if in broad daylight. He hopes that all of us can understand this. After accepting so much Dharma, we must awaken ourselves, awaken others and benefit everyone. This is the mission of our spiritual practice, so I hope everyone can always be more mindful.

Episode 534 – The Buddha and Sentient Beings are One Family

>> “Sentient beings’ afflictions are Bodhi. The true nature of ignorance is Dharma-nature. The illusory and empty body is the Dharma-body. All disciples abide in the path of the One Vehicle.”

>> Dharma-nature and ignorance are like ice and water. The ice of ignorance is made from the water of the nature of all things.

>> Thus, “The water of Dharma-nature can later become the ice of ignorance.” The essence of beginningless ignorance is the Dharma-nature of intrinsic enlightenment.

>> “There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within.”

>> As the previous text describes, fundamental consciousness is like the essence of this family home. Buddhas and sentient beings both have this consciousness, because Buddhas and sentient beings were originally from the same family. But they are not one, so it says there were many groups of people.

>> The true essence of the family house is like that of a universe. The universe is without appearance. It is not one or many. It is not big or small. It is not square or round. In accordance with how the house can be one or many, big or small, square or round, it can be one or many, big or small, square or round.

>> If sentient being were not covered by ignorance and afflictions, they would have the same pure and true nature, the same Buddha-nature. Then how would there be any appearance of sentient beings? Furthermore, how would there be the appearance of beings of the Five Realms? Therefore, Buddhas and sentient beings are basically no different [in nature].

“Sentient beings’ afflictions are Bodhi.
The true nature of ignorance is Dharma-nature.
The illusory and empty body is the Dharma-body.
All disciples abide in the path of the One Vehicle.”

Our minds were originally pure and undefiled. But as we interact with and are contaminated by the world around us, we are led to give rise to afflictions. These afflictions continue to influence us, so they turn into our habitual tendencies. But if we can turn these afflictions around, they can become Bodhi. Bodhi also comes from the mind. If our minds are pure, if we are clear, aware and free of afflictions, then isn’t that wisdom? That is awakening. Some have said, “Afflictions are Bodhi.” True, when sentient beings brush aside their afflictions, they return to their clear and awakened nature. So, “the true nature of ignorance is Dharma-nature.”

The Buddha used the analogy of a banana tree. If we want to get to the heart of the tree, we must peel off every sheath. Each sheath is a layer that we must peel away. In the end, we find that there is nothing in the center. This is what banana trees are like. So from the beginning, ignorance has had no true nature. Ultimately, ignorance is empty in nature. In fact, “true emptiness” is the nature of the Dharma. This is unconditioned Dharma. Unconditioned Dharma is “true emptiness.” This Dharma cannot be seen, except by bringing together various [elements]. In order for any object to be formed, we must use various principles of matter to piece things together.

I often draw analogies for this with things in our daily living. I am sitting in a chair. What you see here is a table. These kinds of things are made of the same material, but have different names. They also have different uses. Let us say a person has mastered the skill of turning wood into furniture. When I ask him to take his skill out and show me, [he would say,]. “Bring me the material, I’ll make something for you.” We must give him some raw material so he can show us what he can do.

This shows how, even if the methods are still in our minds, we need to have sufficient causes and conditions; we need to bring together our physical abilities and take the materials provided to us so we can complete the project. Actually, apart from the materials themselves, there are also the principles underlying them. If we do not have any wood, then how can we make a chair or table? The wood comes from the earth, from a seed and the convergence of various causes and conditions. The same thing applies to ignorance. If we can peel away all of these things, there is nothing there. The principles are the same. A banana tree, after all its layers are peeled away, ultimately has nothing at its core.

So, how does ignorance come into being? Ignorance arises when external conditions entice thoughts to stir in our minds. Thus, it is also something that happens in our consciousness, within our mind-consciousness. This consciousness is what we use in each lifetime to interact with the world around us and with other people that mutually shapes our habitual tendencies. I experience what you create.

If I am pleased with what you have made, I will follow you and learn from you. Those who have mastered something can teach us to maximize our potential to be able to contribute and benefit sentient beings. If we follow people of an unwholesome mindset, such as robbers, thieves or hoodlums, if we go along with what they do, that will be disruptive to society and people. It will disturb the peace.

So, ignorance does not have its own essence and appearance. Actually, its true essence, its true appearance, is ultimately Dharma-nature. This Dharma-nature is true emptiness. So, “the illusory and empty body is the Dharma-body.” Our body is illusory. Consider who “I” am today, who “I” was yesterday, who “I” was over 50 years ago, who “I” was over 70 years ago. Which one am “I” really? As time constantly changes, though we are unaware of it, in this state of illusion, we have gradually transformed into the “I” of today.

This body is ultimately empty, and its appearance is constantly changing. So, this is what we often talk about as “unconditioned Dharma. Dharma-nature” is unconditioned Dharma. “Dharma-body” is unconditioned Dharma. Unconditioned Dharma consists of the principles; the Dharma-body is our nature of True Suchness. All things that we can see with our eyes are always changing. What we cannot see with our eyes will forever remain unchanged. We often say that what is forever has no beginning or end. There is only our nature of True Suchness. We must understand this Dharma.

Why do we sentient beings become afflicted over everything? Afflictions are things we have already created. We already feel them in our daily living. We feel pained; we feel vexed. We have many, many worries. This is a phenomenon we sentient beings all have. However, if we can mindfully make use of it, if we use it to our advantage, then it is Bodhi. It is an awakening, [so we become] awakened sentient beings. Awakened sentient beings can benefit all beings.

I see so many [volunteers] who are diligently practicing. The [send-off for] Silent Mentors, the meeting of bone marrow donors and recipients and the Tzu Chi International Medical Association. These three major events, were recently scheduled (2013) to all happen at the same time.

We have seen how Silent Mentors they gave themselves to help others when they were healthy. When their conditions [in this world] ended, they donated their bodies for medical students to study and thus transformed useless bodies to be of great use. This is why we call them Silent Mentors. On that day, there was such a dignified procession to accompany their bodies leaving the university. They have accomplished their lives’ work. In this world, those bodies will never exist again.

Meanwhile, another event was occurring elsewhere. The university held a “Celebration of Life.” Life is very strange and wondrous. A search commences when a person loses the ability to produce red blood cells and needs to replace his bone marrow. He may need to look among hundreds of thousands of people to find that match. He may not even find this person among his own relatives.

From the body of the other person, the doctors remove the bone marrow, which has the miraculous ability to make red blood cells. Through another medical procedure, it is then implanted into the body of the person who needs it. This can give him new life. Then he must wait for many years to make sure his body does not reject it. In this way, something from another person’s body becomes part of what sustains his life. After several years have passed, when he meets the bone marrow donor [he may say,] “It is your bone marrow in my body.” This is very moving. There were people from other countries on stage. We have people of Indian [descent], and others. Altogether, they came from 28 [countries]. More than 3000 transplants took place throughout 28 countries

to save people’s lives. Isn’t this a result of people’s awakening? Sentient beings have so much suffering, so we need to have this great wisdom in order to be able to save lives. This makes us “awakened sentient beings.” But the people who are inventing these things and conducting this research still continue to experience afflictions. Still, they have acquired acquired this particular knowledge. This is what makes them “sentient beings.” Sentient beings are afflicted. Many afflictions arise in their minds. Most people in this world have many afflictions. However, the particular afflictions of any sentient being arise out of their [eighth] consciousness, called the storehouse consciousness. The storehouse consciousness amasses the [consequences] of the first seven consciousnesses. The seventh consciousness contemplates. The Six Consciousnesses perceive. The perceptions of the Six Consciousnesses and the contemplation of the seventh consciousness combine to give rise to afflictions, or to Bodhi. This depends on the Six Consciousnesses,

on our habitual tendencies. If we have good habitual tendencies, when we perceive the outside world, we will make an effort to be understanding. When we are understanding, our interactions with others will be harmonious. If we have negative habitual tendencies, even if we see what is clearly a good thing, our minds will develop anger, hatred and jealousy. These are all afflictions. These are the afflictions of sentient beings.

If we can transform our habitual tendencies, if we can change the thinking that happens in our seventh consciousness, then we will always be awakened sentient beings. So, I hope that everyone recognizes the importance of the Six Consciousnesses. In our seventh consciousness, if we can carefully adjust our habitual tendencies, and thoroughly train ourselves in how we think, then we can train ourselves until we [return to] our nature of True Suchness. What kind of person can train themselves to achieve this state? The Buddha. The Buddha is enlightened; He perfected the three elements of enlightenment and the two kinds of virtues. This is why we must listen to the Buddha-Dharma.

So, “All disciples abide in the path of the One Vehicle.” The disciples of Buddha should all return to it. All the Dharma they hear is the One Vehicle Dharma. Recently, we have been discussing how [the Buddha] hoped that everyone, through various methods, would understand the One Vehicle Dharma. He hoped that people would find a way to understand it and then accept and use it. We discussed this previously, and I hope everyone will be mindful of it.

Dharma-nature and ignorance are like ice and water. The ice of ignorance is made from the water of the nature of all things.

Dharma-nature and ignorance differ in the same way as ice and water. In fact, when you look at it, ice is just ice. It is called ice, but its actual nature is that of water. It has the intrinsic nature of water. And actually, once it evaporates, all that is left is emptiness.

Thus, “The water of Dharma-nature can later become the ice of ignorance.” The essence of beginningless ignorance is the Dharma-nature of intrinsic enlightenment.

Everyone, please be mindful. Whether [the Dharma] is deep or superficial depends on how we experience things. We must experience the Dharma for ourselves.

So, the previous [sutra] passage says. “Sariputra,” the Buddha called on Sariputra, “in a certain kingdom’s city or settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail.” He had a great house, which contained boundless wealth and riches. There were many servants within it. “His house was spacious and large and had only one door.” There was only one door in and out of this house.

How many people were inside? “There were many groups of people.” This is the [sutra] passage for today.

“There were many groups of people, groups of 100, 200, even up to 500, all dwelling within.”

This is a description. Within this large house, there were very many groups of people, groups of 100, 200 or even 500 people, groups of 100, 200 or even 500 people. This is describing those who rested here, the people who dwelled in this house. This indicates that it was likely very large. This is an analogy for fundamental consciousness.

As the previous text describes, fundamental consciousness is like the essence of this family home. Buddhas and sentient beings both have this consciousness, because Buddhas and sentient beings were originally from the same family. But they are not one, so it says there were many groups of people.

“Fundamental consciousness is like the essence of this family home.” Fundamental consciousness is our most basic consciousness. We use the essence and appearance of a house as an analogy to describe it.

“Buddhas and sentient beings both have this consciousness because Buddhas and sentient beings were originally from the same family.” The Buddha and sentient beings have the same consciousness. They intrinsically have a pure Buddha-nature. This shows that the Buddha was born in the human realm, and everyone in this world is part of one family. But the Buddha is a Buddha, and sentient beings are sentient beings, at least based on appearances. So, there are many kinds of people in this world, not just one. The Buddha and sentient beings have the same consciousness and are part of the same family. But, within this large house there is not only “one” [type of being]. Thus, it says, “There were many groups of people.”

There are so many people, and all of us have already created different karma. Thus we are all different. So, inside this large house, if we were to refer to people by their titles, there would be fathers, mothers and their children. There would be sons, daughters, grandfathers, grandmothers, great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers. So, how many children are there? In addition, there are also many servants. They were all in the same house and each can be referred to with different titles. Each had different habitual tendencies. There were many kinds of habitual tendencies. So, “There were many groups of people.” People in a house can be divided into many [types].

In this way, this family home represents the world, what is under the heavens and on top of the earth; this is likened to a large house. There is also an analogy for everyone’s intrinsic nature, where each person is like a house. We can also compare the whole world to one large house. A house can be an analogy for everything, whether big or small.

The true essence of the family house is like that of a universe. So, we can treat it as a universe.

The true essence of the family house is like that of a universe. The universe is without appearance. It is not one or many. It is not big or small. It is not square or round. In accordance with how the house can be one or many, big or small, square or round, it can be one or many, big or small, square or round.

“The universe is without appearance. It is not one or many.” Indeed, it is not many nor is it few. Since the universe is without appearance, how can we enumerate it? In fact, the universe is an empty void. The universe “is not square or round.” It is not circular nor does it have four sides, but is “in accordance with how the house can be one or many.” The universe is limitless and endless. Look at all the things within in the universe. No matter how many things there are, it can encompass everything. This is true whether there is one thing or many, whether they are big or small. Look at the buildings we have created on earth, there are so many of them.

“If sentient beings are not covered by ignorance and afflictions, they will have the same pure, true nature.”

If sentient being were not covered by ignorance and afflictions, they would have the same pure and true nature, the same Buddha-nature. Then how would there be any appearance of sentient beings? Furthermore, how would there be the appearance of beings of the Five Realms? Therefore, Buddhas and sentient beings are basically no different [in nature].

If we sentient beings do not have afflictions covering us, we can return to the same pure intrinsic nature, “the same Buddha-nature.” If none of us have any afflictions, we return to having the same nature as the Buddha. Then who would have the appearance of a sentient being? There would be no such appearance, let alone the appearance of one in the Five Realms. The Five Realms are the heaven, human, hell, hungry ghost and animal realms. These are the Five Realms. If everyone was a Buddha, then the Five Realms would not exist. So, “Buddhas and sentient beings are equal and no different [in nature].”

Everyone, learning the Buddha’s teachings helps us understand that we are indeed completely equal to the Buddha. It is just that in this world, amidst the large number of sentient beings, the complications of afflictions and ignorance cause us to now experience so much suffering in life. In the macrocosm and microcosm it is the same. If we can transcend the obstructions of ignorance, we can understand all principles, large or small. On a large scale, we can penetrate the universe and all Dharma-realms. We can have very broad minds. If our minds are narrow, we will limit ourselves to this world. Then, as we often say, “We will run into enemies everywhere.” This is how small the world will seem.

In summary, we must be very mindful. Our nature of True Suchness is so very pure; we must not allow it to be covered by afflictions and ignorance. Only in this way can we remain free and at peace. So, everyone, please always be mindful.

Episode 533 – The Door of the One Vehicle

>> “The Buddha, with wisdom, can transform all afflictions into merits and virtues. He is like the owner of a great house. With the power of clear sight and wisdom, even treacherous servants will follow him and be tamed. All the servants will be loyal to he who upholds the Dharma.”

>> “In a certain kingdom’s city or settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large and had only one door.”

>> His house was spacious and large and had only one door: This spacious house is an analogy for the Great Vehicle’s essence and appearance. The place where people enter and exit is the door. This house only has one door, just as the Great Vehicle only has one door. This expresses that the Dharma-nature of the Great Vehicle is the door of the One Vehicle teachings.

>> This is how the Buddha, with various methods, taught the Bodhi-path to enlightenment according to capabilities. The Buddha’s original intent was, with the One Vehicle path to Buddhahood, to benefit all sentient beings. Sadly, they had dull capabilities and severe obstructions, so He could not do what He wanted. First He guided them with many Dharma-doors to their pure and genuine nature. There is only One Vehicle to this ultimate truth. Therefore it is said there is only one door. From the perspective of teachings, there is only the One Buddha Vehicle. From the perspective of principles, there is only the understanding and views of the one reality.

“The Buddha, with wisdom, can transform all afflictions into merits and virtues.
He is like the owner of a great house.
With the power of clear sight and wisdom,
even treacherous servants
will follow him and be tamed.
All the servants will be loyal to he who upholds the Dharma.”

Who can transform sentient beings’ afflictions into merits and virtue? “The owner of a great house” who has “the power of clear sight and wisdom.” [The Buddha] is like the owner of a great house. If the owner has clear and radiant wisdom along with a pure body and mind, this will give him the power to manage his household so that things run smoothly; it will be very harmonious and organized.

For instance, if a servant of this household, or any member of the family, is treacherous, the head of this great house has ways of training them so that they remain faithful. Just as trainers can tame fierce animals, these servants will listen to their master. They will accept and do what he tells them.

For instance, one time, the Buddha was teaching at Jeta Grove. Before the Buddha began to teach, everyone was talking about how there were so many people there and all had such great respect for the Buddha. Whatever He taught, everyone joyfully accepted and believed. They wondered what kind of karmic connections the Buddha had formed with sentient beings, that gave Him the amazing power to tame their hearts and minds.

The Buddha told those gathered the following story. Countless kalpas in the past, there was a kingdom with a king named Mahaprabhasa. He was very wise and governed his kingdom with virtue. His people enjoyed favorable weather and lived in peace and prosperity. Meanwhile, this king and the king of the neighboring kingdom developed a close friendship.

One time, when the neighboring king was hunting in the forest, he saw a very beautiful and strong white elephant. The presence of a white elephant like this was an auspicious sign for any kingdom. Therefore, he arranged for the elephant to be carefully groomed and draped in beaded necklaces and fine silks, and he presented the elephant to King Mahaprabhasa. When King Mahaprabhasa saw this white elephant, he felt very happy. So, the king hired an animal trainer. The animal trainer, Scattered-Darkness, put his heart into the training and trained this elephant well. The king was happy to hear this, so he immediately issued an announcement to everyone in the city to let them know that he had a white elephant and everyone was invited to come and see it.

The elephant was led toward them. He was truly beautifully adorned. The king himself rode on his back. The king was already tall and broad, so when he sat on top of the large white elephant, he truly looked formidable and magnificent, and like the sun rising above the horizon, he radiated power and light. The sight caused a sensation and everyone was joyful.

The trainer was riding another elephant, and they were followed by many attendants as the king rode the elephant out of the city. Far away, they saw a herd of elephants. These wild elephants were right by a lotus pond, chewing on lotus roots. Within this elephant herd, there was a particular female elephant. The white elephant’s animal nature took control of him. His wildness overcame him and he charged forward. The king could barely stay on his back. Everyone could see that the king had even lost his crown. His hair was loose and scattered, his outer garment had been ripped and torn by being caught on tree branches, and his body was covered in cuts and bruises.

The trainer was not able to catch up, so he yelled, “Your Majesty! If you see a tree branch please quickly grab and hold on to it.” The king happened to be passing under a very thick branch, so he grabbed on to it with both hands. As the elephant kept charging, the king remained hanging from the tree before gradually sliding down to the ground. He was in a state of complete shock and looked very haggard. The elephant trainer rushed up to him, threw himself to the ground, and begged forgiveness. He said, “Your Majesty, please don’t be angry. Put your mind at ease. Soon, this elephant will come back to the palace on his own, because during his time at the palace, the food he ate while he was being trained was food of the best quality and he lived very comfortably surely if he tries to stay outside the palace, he will be unable to adjust to life outside. This elephant will certainly return.”

The king was still very angry and was still suffering a great fright. He replied, “I never want to see you or that elephant ever again.” At this moment, his followers finally caught up to them. The servants immediately helped him up and escorted him back to the city. Everyone in the city was still gathered, waiting to see the king’s triumphant return on his white elephant. However, the king they saw was covered in wounds and looked very haggard. Everyone was anxious and very worried.

The king began his recovery. A while later, the elephant trainer could see that the elephant had made his way back to the palace. He quickly spoke to the king again, “Please, I beg you to give me another chance. Your Majesty, you must understand how rare and precious this elephant is, and not just in our kingdom. We must really make an effort to train him.” The king’s curiosity was aroused, and so he agreed to come. “I will see how the elephant performs once more.”

The people from the city gathered to observe this. The setup in the city square included seven iron balls, heated bright red, and a circle of metal hooks. The hooks were a terrifying sight to behold. When the king saw the elephant again, feelings of fury and anger arose in him. The trainer then knew that it would be hard to keep the elephant from being put to death. He felt that this was a pity, but if the elephant was going to be killed anyway, he wanted to the king to understand how precious the elephant was.

The elephant trainer had no alternative. “[Your Majesty] if the elephant goes through the hooks, it will cover every inch of his body with wounds. That would be a very painful death. Instead, have him swallow the metal balls. If he dies, it would be a faster way to go.” He then told the elephant, “You choose the punishment, since you committed such a serious offense.” The elephant, upon hearing this, knelt down vulnerably in front of the king with tears in his eyes, as if begging the king for mercy. In spite of this, the king remained angry; he turned his head and refused to look.

The elephant trainer said, “You cannot avoid this death sentence, so just swallow the metal ball.” The elephant stood up and picked up the burning metal ball with his trunk and swallowed it. By the time the hot metal ball reached his stomach, his entire body had been scalded terribly. Soon afterwards, the metal ball burned through his stomach and fell to the ground. As the ball fell to the ground, it was still red. The people in the audience were heartbroken when they saw what happened to the elephant. Everyone was horrified, and they wailed loudly. They wept and mourned for this elephant.

Because of this reaction, the king felt great regret. When he returned to the palace, he was very upset and could not understand. “How could I have been so furious? How was the elephant trainer able to train the elephant so well that he could tell him to choose a way to die?” The king was very curious, so he summoned the elephant trainer. The king asked, “How did you first train him? Why were you unable to tame his mind?” The elephant trainer answered, “I am only able to train his body and teach him how to obey my commands. I am not able to tame his mind.”

The king then asked, “Then what kind of person would be able to tame both the body and the mind?” The elephant trainer said, “Only people who have perfected the three elements of enlightenment along with the two kinds of virtues are able to tame both the body and the mind. Of these two kinds of virtues, one is the virtue of wisdom and the other is the virtue of great compassion. What are the three elements of enlightenment? They include enlightening oneself, developing self-discipline, and the ability to train others. Perfecting the three elements of enlightenment and the two kinds of virtues is the attainment of Buddhahood. Then one is called the Great Enlightened One.”

When the king heard the words, “the Great Enlightened One” and “Buddha,” his mind was deeply moved. From this point on, the king repented his ways. In addition to feeling regret, he was repentant. Every day, from a tall building in the palace, he prostrated in all directions and made this vow, “From now on, I will earnestly engage in spiritual practice so I can transform all sentient beings. I will find a way to train my mind. I will find a way to both train my mind and to train the minds of others. My hope is that everyone’s mind can be trained so they can avoid the suffering of cyclic existence in the Six Realms. Even if one person falls into hell, I’m willing to go to hell and save him. I want everyone to hear the Dharma and awaken.”

At this point of the story, the Buddha stopped and told everyone. “All of you should know that this is a story about one of my past lives. I, Sakyamuni Buddha, was once King Mahaprabhasa. The elephant trainer, Scattered-Darkness, is Sariputra in this lifetime.”

“With the vow I made back then, from that time until now, I have been in the human realm, hell and the rest of the Six Realms. In the Five Destinies, I have unceasingly transformed sentient beings. So, people who have karmic affinities with me can now hear the Dharma and be transformed.”

This story is telling us that in the era of Dharma-degeneration, the minds of sentient beings are like animals. People are like this white elephant. Even after he was trained, he succumbed to his animal nature. After having gone wild, he returned to a comfortable environment, but this comfortable environment could not accommodate him, so he was subjected to this terrible punishment. This describes the way that we have to face karmic retribution in our lives. We can return to our gentle and pure Buddha-nature; however, when ignorance and afflictions arise, the disasters they cause will be devastating. This is why we need a trainer [like the Buddha]. An ordinary trainer can only train us to follow rules but cannot transform our minds. In order for the Buddha to transform sentient beings in the Three Realms, He had to perfect the three elements of enlightenment and two virtues.

This is similar to what we have discussed. The previous passage we discussed states,

“In a certain kingdom’s city or settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large and had only one door.”

This is what we have discussed. Things in this great house are very complicated, but whether the area is big or small, it is an analogy for the minds of sentient beings. “His house was spacious and large and had only one door.”

“Spacious” means the size of his family enterprise and his house were very big. How large were they? As vast is the Three Realms. This represents how the whole world is one family. This is an analogy. This is the essence and appearance of the Great Vehicle. The Great Vehicle is a principle and this is the essence and appearance of this principle. So, it is an analogy.

His house was spacious and large and had only one door: This spacious house is an analogy for the Great Vehicle’s essence and appearance. The place where people enter and exit is the door. This house only has one door, just as the Great Vehicle only has one door. This expresses that the Dharma-nature of the Great Vehicle is the door of the One Vehicle teachings.

This household has only one door. This one door represents the One Vehicle. There is one door. In order to escape from the burning house of the Three Realms, there is only door available. It represents the nature of the Great Vehicle, or the Great Vehicle Dharma; only the door of the One Vehicle can allow everyone to escape from the burning house.

The burning house is the place where sentient beings have accumulated all their afflictions. This is also an analogy for the various causes and conditions, analogies and the various Dharma that. He proclaimed according to capabilities, which were all for the purpose of teaching the Bodhi-path to sentient beings. Only with the Bodhisattva-path can one benefit oneself and others. By training one’s own mind, one can also save sentient beings. Thus, with the One Vehicle path to Buddhahood, [the Buddha sought to] benefit all sentient beings.

Sadly, they had dull capabilities and severe obstructions. Sentient beings’ capabilities were too dull, their afflictions so severe. So, the Buddha could not do what He wanted; He had to first guide them with many Dharma-doors. To guide them back to their pure awakened nature, He had to use the true principles, so there is only the One Vehicle.

This is how the Buddha, with various methods, taught the Bodhi-path to enlightenment according to capabilities. The Buddha’s original intent was, with the One Vehicle path to Buddhahood, to benefit all sentient beings. Sadly, they had dull capabilities and severe obstructions, so He could not do what He wanted. First He guided them with many Dharma-doors to their pure and genuine nature. There is only One Vehicle to this ultimate truth. Therefore it is said there is only one door. From the perspective of teachings, there is only the One Buddha Vehicle. From the perspective of principles, there is only the understanding and views of the one reality.

Right now, there are so many manmade calamities and natural disasters. The karma created by afflicted sentient beings leads to unbearable suffering. Transcending this suffering is only possible through one path, the understanding and views of the one reality. Therefore, the Buddha drew this analogy. “His house was spacious and large and had only one door.” That is something everyone must realize.

The story I told earlier was about. King Mahaprabhasa. In a moment of rage, he did something he later deeply regretted. He then repented his actions, practiced diligently and made the great vows. Even if one sentient being was still in hell, he was willing to go to hell and deliver him. This remained his resolve for a very long time.

So, from now on, we must earnestly train our minds so that the conditions we encounter will not trigger our rage. If we do things we regret, we will suffer greatly. Therefore, we must always be mindful.

Episode 532 – The Mind as a Farmer and Servant

>> “Spiritual wealth can never be depleted. With endless joyful giving, we accumulate good karmic connections. Cultivate a great field of blessings and spread seeds of goodness. This world between heaven and earth is a shared field and house.”

>> “In a certain kingdom’s city or settlement there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large and had only one door.”

>> [He had] many servants: This means that, in this house, there were people ready to serve. This is an analogy for how the Buddha is replete with the understanding and views of skillful means. In a roundabout way, He suited all capabilities. Provisional wisdom is the servant of true wisdom. [Servants] are also an analogy for all ignorance and afflictions in the minds of sentient beings.

“Spiritual wealth can never be depleted.
With endless joyful giving, we accumulate good karmic connections.
Cultivate a great field of blessings and spread seeds of goodness.
This world between heaven and earth is a shared field and house.”

This is what I want to share with everyone. Spiritual wealth is truly inexhaustible, whereas our material wealth is always limited. No matter how much we have it can still be calculated. However, worldly possessions [never truly belong to us], When one possesses wealth, it may be depleted [by taxes] or by natural disasters of water, fire or wind, or by the people we have karmic affinities with, such as rebellious children. Thus, the tangible wealth of a family is limited, whereas people’s spiritual wealth is limitless and infinite.

Spiritual wealth is love and wisdom. If we have wisdom and exercise it, there is nothing we cannot accomplish and no one who will not follow us. As for love, if we have the kind thoughts of love, we will share them with everyone. This love can bring together everyone’s small amount of strength, so that together, we can help even more people. “One gives rise to infinity; infinity arises from one.”

We often recall stories from Africa, and in particular, Mozambique and South Africa. Look at the Tzu Chi volunteers of South Africa. They went to Mozambique to help others, but before they gave aid to the people there, they exercised their wisdom. They went door to door, looking for the poorest of the poor. When they first visited these families, they had to learn to understand their attitude, their suspicions, their resistance and so on. [Using] their wisdom, the volunteers remained patient with these people. The volunteers knew their hearts had to be open and their thoughts pure. One by one, they exercised wisdom to communicate with them. From this, they created the distribution list. Then from the supply of rice that Taiwan sent to South Africa, South Africa sent a portion to Mozambique so that families there could have two bags of rice. One bag is 10 kg.

The work of the South African Bodhisattvas did not stop there. This was just the beginning of a relationship. When they went back to Mozambique, they said, “[This time] we are not giving you tangible goods. We have something intangible. We also want to give you spiritual wealth.” If they can attain spiritual wealth, they will have something that is inexhaustible. The people in Mozambique very patiently listened to what the volunteers had to say. [They listened] to each and every sentence. They began with the origins of Tzu Chi, how small amounts were accumulated with the spirit of the bamboo bank. As these principles were patiently explained, they listened with great care and joy. This kind of giving and receiving has already resulted in the country of Mozambique now having many [aid recipients] who became seeds of love. One by one, they have begun to grow into trees.

During the following winter in Africa, we once again went to Mozambique to distribute aid. Again, we went to give them rice. This time, the local volunteers from Mozambique participated, thus beginning [the work of helping others]. Of course, someone had to take on responsibility. In this case, it was Denise Tsai. She went out with the Mozambican volunteers to learn about each and every household and to create the list of recipients. When the list was complete, there were over 2000 families. So, they had to conduct distributions over several days and in different areas. Those receiving the rice lined up nicely, and those distributing the rice were respectful. It was a kind and harmonious scene. The all recipients stood in line, and although some of them did not receive material goods, they did not complain, because those who did receive rice were even poorer than they were. They also saw people from their own country giving with so much love and courtesy, so they took joy in that too. No one complained by saying, “Why did they get rice and I didn’t?” No one made that complaint. They delighted in what they saw and heard, and thus they indirectly received spiritual wealth.

See, by “turning the Dharma-wheel,” poverty can be turned into wealth. Thus spiritual wealth is inexhaustible. South African Bodhisattvas cannot exhaust it because the love in their hearts is bottomless. Not only did they take care of people in South Africa, they also went to other countries. In Swaziland and Mozambique, they did the same thing. They brought material goods to share with them. As for intangible spiritual wealth, they also passed on the Dharma to them. See, it is inexhaustible. This is spiritual wealth.

Thus “With endless joyful giving, we accumulate good karmic connections.” This is so joyful. We have also mentioned their preparations and rehearsals for the distribution and even how the rice passed through customs. At the border, it was very difficult to get cleared by customs. Then the volunteers were immediately notified. Once something has cleared customs, it must go to the warehouse right away. So, within one hour, almost 20 volunteers gathered together. After waiting for more than four hours, they spent two more hours moving the rice. When the rice arrived, they worked together to move all the bags and stack them neatly in the warehouse. This level of diligence and efficiency was also rarely seen in Mozambique.

They worked until almost midnight. As they worked, they happily sang songs, but no one around them grumbled. “Why are you people so noisy? It’s almost midnight, and you are still dancing and singing.” Everyone was very forgiving and took joy in what these people were doing. You see, the Dharma-wheel has been turned in that country. Therefore, people achieved that state of happiness and joyful giving and put forth all their strength to accumulate good affinities with so many others. Not only were the givers happy, the receivers and the observers were also happy. This is how we “accumulate good karmic connections.” Those who took joy in and praised others’ merits will also create blessings and good connections. This is how, “With endless joyful giving, we accumulate good karmic connections.”

These good karmic connections will be a great field of blessings. This is a field of both compassion and blessings. Fields of blessings must be cultivated. This does not happen in just one lifetime; it takes many lifetimes. The workings of karma are inconceivable. [People wonder] why they were born in a place that for so many generations has been impoverished. This is due to causes and conditions. In a past life, they created the circumstantial retribution for being born in this kind of country. Yet they continue to create karma, and both good and evil coexist in them. The seeds of good and evil are both found in ordinary people. No matter how terrible someone is, if we look carefully, we can find their good aspects and strong points. Good and evil coexist in the same person. So, these people had the karmic conditions to receive Tzu Chi’s material goods as well as intangible spiritual wealth. Then they mindfully cultivated the fields there; [in Mozambique], they became like farmers, sowing seeds of goodness. One by one, these fields of blessings were continually cultivated in this country. To cultivate fields of blessings, we must sow seeds of goodness. “This world between heaven and earth is a shared field and house.”

We must know that fields of blessings are inherently in everyone. Under the heavens and on top of the earth is the human realm. We simply must awaken the spiritual wealth in our hearts. Actually, this world between heaven and earth is a shared field and house. In this world, the birthplace of Tzu Chi is in Taiwan. Once the power of love was awakened in Taiwan, spiritual wealth began to unceasingly emerge. There are Taiwanese businesspeople who are also Tzu Chi volunteers. They do business in the world, but they also have spiritual wealth, so wherever they go, whichever country they do business in, they sow seeds of goodness. This world, this space between heaven and earth where we all live together, is an endless field of blessings. Wherever we live, we can cultivate this field of blessings. If we mindfully accept this Dharma, we will have an abundance of spiritual wealth, which is inexhaustible.

As we discussed earlier,

“In a certain kingdom’s city or settlement there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large and had only one door.”

This is an analogy for the Dharma in the world. After the Buddha entered Parinirvana, people’s hearts were afflicted. Their pure spiritual aspirations gradually weakened. Even the semblance of Dharma is now gradually deteriorating.

Do you remember the large Buddhas in Afghanistan? Two very large statues of the Buddha were blown up in an instant. The [shrines] in these mountain caves were filled with carvings of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. There were also stories of charitable giving from that era that were carved inside. [Besides] Afghanistan, [such shrines] are also found in Gansu, China, and there are many in Dunhuang, as well. However, over time they have become damaged.

The Buddha spoke of formation, existence, decay and disappearance. This world also goes through the eras of Right Dharma, Dharma-semblance and. Dharma-degeneration. However, although [the elder] is “old and frail,” his wealth is still limitless. He had many fields and houses. Although this world goes through the era of Right Dharma, Dharma-semblance and. Dharma-degeneration actually we all intrinsically have Buddha-nature. The Right Dharma will always abide in people’s hearts, therefore it is said, “He possessed limitless wealth and had many farmlands and houses.” These fields of blessings are always in people’s hearts, as are the Buddha’s teachings.

“He had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large and had only one door. Servants” means that, “in this house, there were people ready to serve others.”

[He had] many servants: This means that, in this house, there were people ready to serve. This is an analogy for how the Buddha is replete with the understanding and views of skillful means. In a roundabout way, He suited all capabilities. Provisional wisdom is the servant of true wisdom. [Servants] are also an analogy for all ignorance and afflictions in the minds of sentient beings.

This large house, this great manor, must be very luxurious and grand. Within this house there must be people to take care of everything and to ensure the interior’s cleanliness. For example, when we go to the National Palace Museum, we see many treasures collected inside. Do you know how many people work there? It takes many to look after and care for things. The same principle applies here. In such a grand house, many people are also needed to serve. They are “ready to serve others.” These are the people who work there. This is also an analogy for “the Buddha being replete with the understanding and views of skillful means.”

Because of His wisdom, the Buddha came here to transform sentient beings. The Buddha’s spiritual home is abundantly full of wisdom. He wanted to transmit this wisdom to all beings, but they were unable to accept it. So, He taught according to people’s capabilities with His understanding and views of skillful means. Which type of method does it take to train which type of sentient being? What kind of Dharma does He need to teach in this era? This is the understanding and view of skillful means. He adapted to all things in the world in order for this truth to be accepted by people. This is the understanding and view of skillful means that He was replete with.

The Buddha exercised provisional wisdom. First, He concealed His wisdom and True Dharma and made use of skillful means and provisional wisdom [instead]. “In a roundabout way, He suited all capabilities.” We could not accept these teachings directly, so He had to give them to us in roundabout way. In a very indirect manner, He delivered the Dharma to everyone. This is how, “In a roundabout, way He suited all capabilities.” Take devices for example; we all use computers, and everyone has a cell phone in hand. On the surface, they look flat. The computer screen looks flat, too. But in the computer, in the cell phones, there are wires that twist and turn, that are very tiny and intricate, which help display the information. The same principle applies here. Thus, “In a roundabout way, He suited all capabilities.” With various methods, He taught the Dharma in a roundabout manner in order to present the Dharma in a way that everyone could understand. This is provisional wisdom. In fact, provisional wisdom is the servant of true wisdom. True wisdom is deployed through skillful means, just like servants in a great house. This is how skillful means are used; the True Dharma is transformed into skillful means so it can be applied. Thus it is likened to servants.

Servants are also analogies for the ignorance and afflictions in our minds. The Buddha, in His wisdom, employs skillful means as His servants. Because of the ignorance in their minds, ordinary people cannot control their actions; they are driven by various external factors. Thus people become slaves to wealth or slaves to their unenlightened affections. They are driven by their feelings, and afflictions constantly cover their hearts. [Their desire for wealth] may also encourage them to create karma. In this way, people end up as servants.

The house of their mind is filled with this type of servant. These servants are driven by external influences to fill us with afflictions and drive our body and mind to create much karma. Our mind can create so much karma in this world. This comes from being a slave to wealth, a servant to wealth or a servant to feelings. We cannot escape desires in this world. Desire is tied to wealth, fame and power. It is also tied to our affections. We should not have these desires because they entangle us and confuse things. This is all considered ignorance.

Ignorance is the servant who dwells in the house of our minds. It follows the orders of the illusory appearances of this world, so it causes manmade disasters everywhere and knocks the four elements out of balance. All this happens because we are a servant to our desires. Filled with afflictions, we are driven to act in ways beyond our control. There is so much suffering in life. In the midst of all this suffering, the earth-shattering disasters of this era of Dharma-degeneration, we must quickly bring about a world-changing awakening. Therefore, we must always be mindful.

Episode 531 – The Wealth of Dharma is Limitless

>> “Farmland can sustain life; the goodness in our hearts can nourish the great compassionate field of virtues and blessings. Houses can provide physical shelter; the state of true wisdom helps us put the Dharma into practice and develop wisdom-life. The field of our mind can sustain [wisdom-life].”

>> “Sariputra, in a certain kingdom’s city or settlement there was a great elder who was old and frail.”

>> “He possessed limitless wealth, and had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large, and had only one door.”

>> The wealth of the Buddha-Dharma is limitless. All wisdom, merits and virtues, like our nature of True Suchness, are inherent. With the Six Paramitas, we can achieve the ultimate and be dignified with tens of thousands of virtues. We can bring joy to sentient beings and relieve them of suffering. Then our merits and virtues will mature, and we will attain Buddhahood.

>> This house, this dwelling, is analogous to our “fundamental consciousness.”

>> It is the “amala consciousness.” Amala consciousness is the nature of True Suchness that. I constantly tell everybody about. The nature of True Suchness is a pure and undefiled consciousness.

>> So, “Fundamental consciousness is also called home consciousness.”

>> “This consciousness is fundamentally the same in Buddhas and in sentient beings.”

>> This consciousness, in Buddhas, is called undefiled consciousness. This consciousness, in sentient beings, is covered by afflictions and accumulated delusions and karma, so it is called alaya consciousness. Buddhas and sentient beings both have fundamental consciousness, and both consider this consciousness their home.

“Farmland can sustain life;
the goodness in our hearts
can nourish the great compassionate field of virtues and blessings.
Houses can provide physical shelter;
the state of true wisdom
helps us put the Dharma into practice and develop wisdom-life.
The field of our mind can sustain [wisdom-life].”

We need to understand that we must make an effort to cultivate our minds. Then we will be like farmers tending their fields. As long as they mindfully cultivate the land, the land gives rise to a bountiful harvest of crops as part of its natural cycle. If there is goodness in our minds, then every day, we must be diligent and earnest. We take the Buddha-Dharma into our minds, so that our minds can grow in wisdom, just as the land produces a bountiful harvest. Thus, the Dharma can nurture our virtues. Then naturally we will see the great compassionate field of blessings.

Internally, we cultivate the field of our minds. Externally, we cultivate the field of blessings. Cultivating this field [of blessings] begins when we give rise to great compassion. When we go among people with great compassion, the Dharma we learn from them is returned to the field of our minds, which is our nature of True Suchness. We have this inexhaustible wealth, the wealth of merits and virtues, which is intrinsic to everyone.

So, “Houses can provide physical shelter” is an analogy for this state of true wisdom. The Buddha’s state of mind was likened in a [previous] passage to “a kingdom’s city or a settlement. Kingdom” is used to [represent] the Buddha’s state of mind, which is rich with all things in the world; the Buddha’s ocean of enlightened wisdom is very abundant.

“City” on the other hand [represents] the state of [Hearers], Solitary Realizers and Bodhisattvas, those who are newly-inspired and just beginning to advance. Although it is still smaller than a “kingdom,” it is bigger than a “settlement.”

As for the “settlement”, this represents the state of ordinary people where the beings of the Five Destinies co-exist, rising and falling [through the destinies]. People do good deeds, form aspirations and engage in spiritual practice, but when they encounter challenges, they retreat. Giving rise to discursive thoughts and vexations, they in turn generate more afflictions. This state of mind compared to a remote village. If the people in that village do not diligently work at cultivating the land, their lives will be very tough. This reflects how, if our wisdom is limited, our minds will be very narrow, and whenever we encounter anything we will be unable to understand it clearly. We will be unable to get over it or understand it. This is the state of ordinary people

discussed in the previous sutra passage. Now, “farmland” is used as an analogy for our spiritual wealth. Spiritual wealth is something that we must diligently cultivate.

Next, “Houses” are where we live. In life, where exactly do we live? We are living in a place of spiritual practice. There are also many Tzu Chi volunteers elsewhere who consider the Jing Si Abode their home. When they go to volunteer at the hospital, they have a place to return to. They leave in the morning and return in the evening. First thing in the morning, they can also listen to and understand the Dharma. Their minds can rely on and rest in this place. This is compared to “the state of true wisdom.”

At the hospital, they witness the differences in each patient’s illness, in each person’s family circumstances and in the way each is treated by their relatives. When we observe worldly matters, seeing suffering helps us recognize our blessings. As we recognize our own blessings, we need to become more understanding of others. With these blessed retributions, how do we act so as to make good use of them? This depends on our wisdom, on our state of true wisdom. In our spiritual practice, if we do not have these external conditions, we cannot establish a home in our minds where we can take refuge.

We accept the Dharma and put it into practice. This practice happens through our actions. As long as we are Buddhist practitioners, we must be engaged in spiritual practice. When it comes to spiritual practice, there is an external component, which is to go among people. There is also an internal component, the state we rely upon. So, a “house” is a safe and stable refuge. Since we have aspired to engage in spiritual practice and are sure of the direction our faith leads us in, every day, after we go among people we need to return to this spiritual home in our minds, the state of true wisdom.

We are able to see and experience external states, which helps us to understand the workings of the world and the habitual tendencies in people’s interactions. From people and matters, we can realize the true principles. Once we understand these truths, we must advance even more diligently and put the Dharma into practice so that we can develop our wisdom-life.

Everyone at our spiritual practice center wants to help us focus on the path. Not only should we move toward the “city,” not only must we reach the city, the Bodhisattva state of mind, we must practice diligently so we can reach the state of the Buddha. We must not always limit our minds to a state like that of the “settlement.” We are all intrinsically wealthy. We have this farmland, but we just need to make an effort to cultivate it. If there is goodness in our minds, we must constantly do good deeds, benefit others and form good karmic connections. This is the state of Bodhisattvas, which is the path we have to go through to reach the state of the Buddha.

The previous sutra passage states,

“Sariputra, in a certain kingdom’s city or settlement there was a great elder who was old and frail.”

The Buddha manifested in this world and dwelled here for the sake of one great cause.

According to the laws of nature, He was born, then grew up and then entered middle age and old age, the same as all people in the human realm. This is also an analogy for the state of the world.

When a person comes to this world if he has the correct way of thinking, then with spiritual cultivation and refinement, “Wealth enriches the house, and virtues enrich the body.” This happens through earnest and hard work. People who are rich do not need to tell us, “I am very wealthy.” This is unnecessary. When we go into their house, we can see the abundance and quality of their life. We know this just by walking in. This also applies to virtuous people. Once we interact with them, we recognize their wealth of knowledge. Their knowledge has been accumulated over time. This is how they developed their spiritual refinement.

The Buddha Himself said that. He spent countless kalpas in the presence of countless Buddhas. His [virtue] came from the spiritual practice. He engaged in over countless lifetimes. So, this took a very long time. Now, His body and mind were already at ease, so there was nothing He did not know. Thus He is an “elder,” rich in life experiences and very virtuous. Because of His advanced age, He was physically weaker and more frail. In the end, He passed away. This is an analogy for the workings of this world,

[how it goes through] Right Dharma, Dharma-semblance and Dharma-degeneration. When the Right Dharma abided in this world, the Buddha-Dharma really flourished. Because people cultivated it, they would naturally attain realizations. They could comprehend it. In the era of Dharma-semblance, people knew that the Buddha-Dharma was wonderful, so they rushed to install statues of the Buddha, paint pictures, copy sutras and so on. However, people were only focused on superficial appearances, and their diligent mindsets slowly became lax. In the era of Dharma-degeneration, sutras and images are destroyed over time. So, in the world, people will gradually place less value on the Buddha-Dharma. What will happen in the end? We do not want to see what will ultimately happen if this continues. Right now, if we can recognize [the importance] of the Dharma, we must quickly engage in diligent practice. We need to quickly apply it to our minds. We must clearly recognize its principles in our daily living and in the external conditions that we face. So, through our practice of the Dharma, we can unlock the nature of True Suchness within us. By doing so, we are manifesting Right Dharma in the world.

When it comes to wealth, the following sutra passage states,

“He possessed limitless wealth, and had many farmlands, houses and servants. His house was spacious and large, and had only one door.”

As we have said previously, although the Buddha’s lifetime is over 2000 years removed from ours, in fact, He left the True Dharma behind for us. The everlasting Right Dharma is in people’s minds. If people’s minds can awaken, Right Dharma will be here forever. So, everybody has this kind of wealth. “He possessed limitless wealth.” This wealth will never be exhausted. If everyone can take the Right Dharma to heart, how could they possibly exhaust their wealth?

“[He] had many farmlands, houses and servants.” Not only did he have farmlands and houses, he also had many servants. This expresses how “the wealth of Buddha-Dharma is limitless.” The Buddha-Dharma’s treasures are infinite. The Buddha taught the Dharma so that everyone could learn it mindfully. The Buddha came here for this one great cause. Therefore, “The wealth of Buddha-Dharma is limitless. All wisdom, merits and virtues, like our nature of True Suchness, are inherent.” The Buddha’s wealth of Dharma is limitless. If we can all return to our nature of True Suchness, then indeed [we have] “wisdom, merits and virtues.” Wisdom is awakening, and with awakening, our merits and virtues ultimately lead us back to our nature of True Suchness.

We intrinsically have a nature of True Suchness, but due to a moment of delusion, we continue to experience waves of afflictions. Now we have found the path, so we need to take advantage of the Dharma and use it as a lamp to light our way and help us return to our intrinsic Tathagata-nature. What should we use as the lamp that lights our path back to our Tathagata-nature? With the Dharma, what method should we employ? The Six Paramitas will lead us back to our intrinsic nature.

The wealth of the Buddha-Dharma is limitless. All wisdom, merits and virtues, like our nature of True Suchness, are inherent. With the Six Paramitas, we can achieve the ultimate and be dignified with tens of thousands of virtues. We can bring joy to sentient beings and relieve them of suffering. Then our merits and virtues will mature, and we will attain Buddhahood.

The Six Paramitas, as everyone knows, are giving, upholding precepts, patience, diligence, Samadhi and wisdom. These six methods are like six lamps. They provide a bright and luminous [path] for us to return to our nature of True Suchness. After we take the Dharma to heart, we must also put it into practice. Then we can “be dignified with tens of thousands of virtues.” These help us do the things we should do. “We can bring joy to sentient beings.” How can we bring joy to sentient beings? Sentient beings are suffering. We must find a way to use methods to bring happiness so that we can relieve their suffering. After relieving them of suffering, they will feel liberated and attain the joy of being peaceful and at ease. We should first be peaceful and at ease ourselves so that we can use this approach to relieve sentient beings of their suffering and help them to also be peaceful and at ease. Only then can we attain merits and virtues that help us attain Buddhahood. This is why I say that not only must we give unconditionally, we must also do so with gratitude.

It is in this way that Bodhisattvas practice the Six Paramitas in the world. The Six Paramitas can deliver us from the shore of ordinary beings to the other shore [of noble beings]. Then from the other shore we can safely return to the shore of ordinary beings, to deliver living beings to where we have been. We use the merit and virtues attained through the Six Paramitas to repeatedly deliver sentient beings. This is something we can all achieve.

“He had many farmlands, houses and servants.” Houses are dwellings. For example, the house of a wealthy person is usually big and its interior is decorated, Not only is its interior [richly] decorated, there are also many servants who clean the house every day, so that there is not a single speck of dust, and everything is orderly.

This house, this dwelling, is analogous to our “fundamental consciousness.”

What is our fundamental consciousness?

It is the “amala consciousness.” Amala consciousness is the nature of True Suchness that. I constantly tell everybody about. The nature of True Suchness is a pure and undefiled consciousness.

In our discussion, we normally stop at the eighth consciousness, but this passage mentions the ninth consciousness. The ninth consciousness only manifests at the state of Buddhahood. So, “Our original consciousness is also called the home consciousness.” In the Sutra of Infinite Meanings, do you recall. Great Magnificent Bodhisattva asking the Buddha, “Where does this sutra come from?” Do you still remember this? How did the Buddha respond? “From the home in all Buddha’s hearts.” This sutra, this Dharma, comes from the Buddha’s pure intrinsic nature. He expounded principles of such wisdom to guide our way. This comes from “pure and undefiled consciousness.”

So, “Fundamental consciousness is also called home consciousness.”

This consciousness is the home shared by all Buddhas.

“This consciousness is fundamentally the same in Buddhas and in sentient beings.”

Our fundamental consciousness is like a big house. The house of all Buddhas contains an abundance of teachings and wisdom. This consciousness, in Buddhas, is undefiled and free of contamination. In sentient beings, it is covered by afflictions.

This consciousness, in Buddhas, is called undefiled consciousness. This consciousness, in sentient beings, is covered by afflictions and accumulated delusions and karma, so it is called alaya consciousness. Buddhas and sentient beings both have fundamental consciousness, and both consider this consciousness their home.

Every day I tell everyone that we all intrinsically have Buddha-nature. But because we had one ignorant thought, which gave rise to the Three Subtleties we now constantly reproduce our afflictions. Thus, the karma of delusion permeates us and accumulates, layer by layer. It covers [our pure nature]. So, our consciousness becomes alaya consciousness, the eighth consciousness.

The seventh is the manas consciousness. Manas is our seventh consciousness. Before that are the Six Consciousnesses, which interact with the world around us. Once the Six Consciousnesses begin to function the seventh consciousness takes them in. When the seventh consciousness [thinks], we are led to take action, the results of which are stored in the eighth consciousness. When the eighth consciousness is able to be completely pure, we will return [to our true nature]. After everything is filtered out and purified, we will return to the Tathagata-Consciousness. This is why I tell everybody that we need to be diligent in our spiritual practice.

If we do not make an effort to practice, we will not be able to return to our nature of True Suchness. So, we need to seize the moment because our time is [very limited]. Since we can hear the Dharma and engage in spiritual cultivation and gather in this place of spiritual practice, we should cherish this opportunity. Our resolve must be firm; we must not be influenced by external phenomena.

For our body and mind to have a place to rest in and rely on, we must return to the home of the Tathagata. The home of all Buddhas is truly our safe, stable and joyful refuge. To return to the home of all Buddhas, we must apply the Dharma to ourselves. Therefore, in order to reach the state of true wisdom, we must put the Dharma into practice so that it can develop our wisdom-life. I hope everybody can accept and understand this. So, please always be mindful.

Episode 530 – Cultivate Virtue so Dharma Remains in the World

>> “Worldly treasures and wealth [never truly belong to us]. Farmlands and houses flourish and decay, arise and cease and are never permanent. There is no safety in the Three Realms; we are like foolish children playing with fire. Only world-transcending truths [learned] over many lifetimes can lead to Bodhi.”

>> Sariputra, in a certain kingdom’s city or settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth.

>> “There was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth.”

>> Elder: One who is virtuous and accomplished. With noble character and sterling integrity, his renown and status are well-deserved.

>> Advanced in years, he was old and frail. Similarly, the Dharma that abides in the world becomes frail over the eras of Right Dharma, Dharma-semblance and Dharma-degeneration.

>> The elder’s virtues are both internal and external. Internally, the virtue of wisdom leads to compassionate vows. He made great vows to transform sentient beings and set an example. Externally, he had an abundance of material wealth. Advanced in years, he had extensive knowledge of the past and present.

“Worldly treasures and wealth [never truly belong to us].
Farmlands and houses flourish and decay, arise and cease and are never permanent.
There is no safety in the Three Realms; we are like foolish children playing with fire.
Only world-transcending truths [learned] over many lifetimes can lead to Bodhi.”

Everyone, to learn the Buddha’s teachings, we must truly see all things in the world clearly. We are born into the human realm, but what is our purpose in coming here? People in the world are in a state of delusion. They believe the ability to attain many riches is considered a blessing. But is this really true? “Worldly treasures and wealth [never truly belong to us].” This is what the Buddha said.

Indeed, worldly treasures and wealth belong to kings, thieves, water, fire and unfilial children. Therefore, [they never truly belong to us]. Why do these five groups include kings and thieves? [Countries have the potential] to become unstable. If certain thoughts arise in a country’s leader, this can destabilize the entire country. Or, if the country is not administered well, not only may there be heavy taxes, but there may also be many corrupt officials. In this way, our wealth belongs to [such leaders].

Then, there are thieves. Thieves include pickpockets, bandits, robbers and so on. Indeed, people worry a lot about robbers and are very afraid of them. Why else would everyone build such solid walls? They are protecting themselves from thieves. Robbers may steal, raid or grab another’s wealth, causing the rich to feel uneasy.

Fire is even more worrisome. In the event that a fire breaks out, the flames are ruthless; once it starts, it burns until nothing is left. Water is also ruthless. We have often seen in international news reports that when it starts to rain, sometimes with this sudden rain, or with a torrential downpour, the heavy rain can instantly cause floods to occur. Half a story, a whole story or maybe even two, the water just keeps rising.

Water and fire are heartless indeed. Also worrisome are poorly-behaved children. These are rebellious children. These kinds of children can cause many problems for their families. How many stories like this have we heard? When we open up the newspaper, we see this kind of story every day.

Do you think that rich people are fortunate? Not necessarily. There are taxes, corrupt officials, robbers, thieves, [disasters of] water, fire and so on. All of these worry them. Life is impermanent. We must understand that nothing in this world [will last].

I recall 20 or 30 years ago, I would often visit a certain care recipient. He was a middle-aged man in Shoufeng. The place he lived in was very run down and he would always complain that he was suffering and that his health was poor. His entire body was swollen with excess fluids, and he would always go out to beg. His life seemed to be very difficult. So, we helped him by giving him rice every month, along with some living expenses. We told him, “Go see a doctor.” He also came to our free clinic to get some medicine. The doctor diagnosed him and told him, “You have high blood pressure and diabetes. You need to undergo dialysis for your kidneys.” Though given this advice, he refused to undergo treatment and kept going out to panhandle.

One day, he was seen crying. When his neighbors asked, “What happened?” he said, “Look, outside my house, someone has dug a big hole. To tell you the truth, there were five jars of money down there. When I was young, the house my father and grandfather left to me was burned down. I took the money out of the bank but could never bring myself to spend it, thinking I would save it for when I was older. So, I put it in jars and buried it in the ground.”

People around him felt helpless and and shared this news with us. “That man really has nothing at all now. He had lots of money before, while you were helping him, but now he really has nothing.”

When we went to see him again, he was still crying. When we asked what was wrong, he told us the same thing that he had told them, that he had been saving it for when he was older and needed it more. “But you have been terribly ill, haven’t you needed it? I thought maybe I could beg a little and accumulate more money. Then when I was no longer able to beg….” This is an illness of the mind. He did not merely have a physical illness. After further review with the doctor, the doctor said, “Master, he is not only physically ill, he is also mentally ill.” Thinking about it, it was indeed an illness of the mind.

I think about him when I read the saying, “Worldly treasures and wealth [never truly belong to us].” Some people try to guard their wealth. This man suffered so much just to make money, wanting just a little more.

Look at the kind of life he led. For the sake of that bit of money, he developed the problematic mentality of being enslaved by wealth. He kept begging and disregarded his health. Isn’t this a deluded way of living?

When you look at the disasters around the world, recently (2013), it seems that many countries are not safe. [For example], Syrian refugees have fled in all directions, some of them to Jordan. To help them, we shipped many containers of winter clothing from Taiwan for volunteers to distribute. Mr. Chen, one of our volunteers in Jordan, along with a local volunteer, had to work with the people in charge of the refugee camps to discuss how the distribution would be carried out. At noon, they went to a restaurant to have lunch. When they entered the restaurant and were about to eat, one of the workers at the restaurant, a Syrian refugee who worked at this restaurant, pointed at our group and voiced his anger, pointed at our group and voiced his anger. He was very fierce and kept yelling at them. Mr. Chen then explained to him, “We are from Taiwan. We are here in the refugee camp, because with these cold temperatures, we want to provide them with winter clothing. We are here today to discuss how the distribution might proceed.”

That man then said, “I apologize, I didn’t know that you are from Taiwan. I know about your organization, Tzu Chi. Let me tell you about people who are even worse off than the refugees, those who are in the refugee hospitals.” He began to talk about several individuals who had been wounded while fleeing their country. He told us of many individuals. Our volunteers saw for themselves that the medical stations at the refugee camps could not take any more [patients]. Because the hospitals were also full, elsewhere in the settlements, many houses were provided for the sick and wounded to stay in. Volunteers went to see them in person and heard so many miserable stories, they could not recount them all. These people had once lived peacefully in their own country. Their society was harmonious, and they lived and worked happily. They had led very blessed lives, but their country became unstable. The mindset of a few people resulted in the destruction of the homes of hundreds of thousands of people. The people were forced to flee and many were killed, causing unbearable suffering.

In our lives, do we really need to work so hard to satisfy our desire for personal gain? Must we go to such lengths to hoard our wealth? It is said that worldly treasures and wealth [never truly belong to us]. “Farmlands and houses flourish and decay.” Everything tangible in this world arises and ceases and is not permanent. It will not last forever.

So, in the Three Realms, there is no safety, no everlasting peace. There are many examples of impermanence, suffering and emptiness. Why is there so much suffering in the Three Realms? Because there are many foolish people who are like ignorant children playing with fire. Playing with fire, in an instant of carelessness the Three Realms become like a burning house; the desire realm and form realm are filled with unbearable suffering.

Only “world-transcending truths,” the principles for transcending the world, [learned] over lifetimes, can truly lead to Bodhi. Lifetime after lifetime, we give rise to Bodhicitta and walk the Bodhisattva-path. Then we can help calm the ignorance and afflictions in people’s minds and transform sentient beings. Only when everyone understands the principles will there be peace in the Three Realms; only then can this big house be safe. When there is peace in the world, when the four elements are in balance and when all countries and their people are safe, we will truly be in a pure land on earth.

Yesterday, we discussed “in a certain kingdom’s city or settlement.” A “kingdom” is very vast and expansive, just like the Buddha’s state of mind. After He understood the truths of the universe, His wisdom and enlightenment was like an ocean. All principles were contained in. His ocean of abundant wisdom; His wisdom was as vast as the ocean. Similarly, His wealth was like that of a very prosperous country. A “city” can be the major city in a province or the capital city. A “settlement” is like a town or village. This is an analogy for the Buddha’s great wisdom as compared to the wisdom of. Solitary Realizers and Bodhisattvas, or to the state of mind of ordinary people. This is what we analyzed yesterday. Clearly, we are still like a village or a house. The scope of our wisdom is limited, so we must learn from the Buddha’s understanding of true principles in the universe to better realize and understand them.

It is rare to be born human and to hear the Buddha-Dharma, so we must open up our minds and not only focus on material wealth and the desire for material things or tangible affections. Limited affection and love will trouble our minds. The desires of our mind, such as the striving for power and profit, will cause turmoil and danger in the world. All this is created by the minds of human beings. If we do not thoroughly understand principles, we will stir up a fire that will burn us and burn and destroy everything in this land. Therefore, we must truly be mindful.

Sariputra, in a certain kingdom’s city or settlement, there was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth.

Next, we will discuss how.

“There was a great elder who was old and frail. He possessed limitless wealth.”

There was a great elder who was already advanced in age. His body had already become frail. What kind of person is considered an “elder”? It is someone who is accomplished is considered an elder. Older people are also referred to as elders. Those who are spiritually refined are also called elders.

Elder: One who is virtuous and accomplished. With noble character and sterling integrity, his renown and status are well-deserved.

So, the label “elder” is applied to someone who is virtuous and mature in all respects. His virtue is his noble character and sterling integrity. His mind is very pure. Not only does he have many years behind him, he has also accumulated much wisdom. He has wealth as well. This is a man of character. Upon hearing his name, everyone has a sense of respect. His status is also well-deserved. This is what makes an elder.

With advancing age, the body becomes frail; this is a law of nature. But this is also an analogy for the Dharma. Sakyamuni Buddha lived for 80 years. After He entered Parinirvana, the era of Right Dharma lasted for 500 years. The next 1000 years was the era of Dharma-semblance. It was followed by the era of Dharma-degeneration.

Advanced in years, he was old and frail. Similarly, the Dharma that abides in the world becomes frail over the eras of Right Dharma, Dharma-semblance and Dharma-degeneration.

During the Buddha’s time in the world and after He entered Parinirvana, for several hundred years the Buddha-Dharma flourished. People cultivated proper spiritual practice. However, this era was short. Next, people created images, stupas and temples. However, the pure and virtuous minds of spiritual practitioners gradually weakened. Spiritual practitioners came to be more like ordinary people in the world. They began to pursue fame and personal gain and gradually began to indulge in pleasures and so on. They ceased to uphold precepts. Even though they engaged in spiritual practice, their minds were filled with afflictions. In this way, the Dharma decayed from the era of. Dharma-semblance to that of Dharma-degeneration. This is like getting old and frail.

The Buddha-Dharma is so wonderful. Why can’t Right Dharma forever abide in the world? Because of the human mind. During the Buddha’s lifetime, the Buddha-Dharma flourished for a period of time, because everyone recognized this as the Right Dharma. But after the Buddha entered Parinirvana, “The lion’s parasites eat the lion’s flesh.” Gradually, after the Buddha entered Parinirvana, the will of spiritual practitioners to engage in spiritual cultivation gradually faded.

In India, there were many other religions. With the decline of the Buddha-Dharma, other religious teachings flourished again. So, now it is rare to find the Buddha-Dharma there. Kumarajiva, Dharmaraksa, Matanga and others, as well as several monks from Kucha, brought the Dharma to China. This process was extremely difficult. During the Tang Dynasty, the Buddha-Dharma began to flourish in China. Master Xuan Zang and others traveled to India to seek and bring back the sutras. There were many virtuous laypeople who also went to bring the sutras back to China. So, the Buddha-Dharma began to flourish in China.

This is how we now have so much Dharma to study. But this Dharma was not the same as it was in the era of Right Dharma. With old age, the body becomes frail. This is analogous to the Buddha-Dharma. Even though the elder had unlimited wealth, as he aged he still experienced physical decline and frailty. The Buddha-Dharma also degenerated in this way. Yet, we are still quite fortunate that we still have sutras that we can read and study. If we can experience everything mindfully, then Right Dharma is still in the world.

So, the virtues of an elder are both internal and external. Internally, the virtue of wisdom leads to compassionate vows. He made great vows to transform sentient beings and set an example.

The elder’s virtues are both internal and external. Internally, the virtue of wisdom leads to compassionate vows. He made great vows to transform sentient beings and set an example. Externally, he had an abundance of material wealth. Advanced in years, he had extensive knowledge of the past and present.

“Virtue of wisdom leads to compassionate vows.” This virtue, this wisdom, is intrinsic to all of us. It awakens our hearts so that we cannot bear to let sentient beings suffer. “We vow to deliver countless sentient beings.” If we can put the Four Great Vows into practice, then we have internal, or spiritual wealth. This is the virtue of an elder.

What about external wealth? “An abundance of material wealth” means having many riches. If we awaken the love in every person’s heart and help everyone understand the principles, then we will contribute our external wealth as we gain internal wealth. We can give away our external wealth. This happens out of love. Giving out of love will bring us virtue and wisdom. By doing this, we are consistent inside and out. This is our virtue. So, we have internal and external virtue, as long as we can always be mindful.